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Related papers: Controllable Lexical Simplification for English

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Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and, thus, are too resource-hungry and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Prakhar Ganesh , Yao Chen , Xin Lou , Mohammad Ali Khan , Yin Yang , Hassan Sajjad , Preslav Nakov , Deming Chen , Marianne Winslett

Although BERT and its variants have reshaped the NLP landscape, it still remains unclear how best to derive sentence embeddings from such pre-trained Transformers. In this work, we propose a contrastive learning method that utilizes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Taeuk Kim , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-goo Lee

Text simplification (TS) can be viewed as monolingual translation task, translating between text variations within a single language. Recent neural TS models draw on insights from neural machine translation to learn lexical simplification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Jipeng Qiang

Pre-trained contextual representations (e.g., BERT) have become the foundation to achieve state-of-the-art results on many NLP tasks. However, large-scale pre-training is computationally expensive. ELECTRA, an early attempt to accelerate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Zhenhui Xu , Linyuan Gong , Guolin Ke , Di He , Shuxin Zheng , Liwei Wang , Jiang Bian , Tie-Yan Liu

Lexical Simplification (LS) aims to simplify text at the lexical level. Existing methods rely heavily on annotated data, making it challenging to apply in low-resource scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel LS method without parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Keren Tan , Kangyang Luo , Yunshi Lan , Zheng Yuan , Jinlong Shu

Pretrained language models such as BERT, GPT have shown great effectiveness in language understanding. The auxiliary predictive tasks in existing pretraining approaches are mostly defined on tokens, thus may not be able to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Hongchao Fang , Sicheng Wang , Meng Zhou , Jiayuan Ding , Pengtao Xie

Cross-lingual summarization (CLS) aims to generate a summary for the source text in a different target language. Currently, instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs) excel at various English tasks. However, unlike languages such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Zhecheng Li , Yiwei Wang , Bryan Hooi , Yujun Cai , Naifan Cheung , Nanyun Peng , Kai-wei Chang

Controllable Automatic Text Simplification (CATS) produces user-tailored outputs, yet controllability is often treated as a decoding problem and evaluated with metrics that are not reflective to the measure of control. We observe that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Hanna Hubarava , Yingqiang Gao

Bidirectional masked Transformers have become the core theme in the current NLP landscape. Despite their impressive benchmarks, a recurring theme in recent research has been to question such models' capacity for syntactic generalization. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Giorgos Tziafas , Konstantinos Kogkalidis , Gijs Wijnholds , Michael Moortgat

Text Simplification is an ongoing problem in Natural Language Processing, solution to which has varied implications. In conjunction with the TSAR-2022 Workshop @EMNLP2022 Lexical Simplification is the process of reducing the lexical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Nikita Katyal , Pawan Kumar Rajpoot

This paper presents an empirical study of conversational question reformulation (CQR) with sequence-to-sequence architectures and pretrained language models (PLMs). We leverage PLMs to address the strong token-to-token independence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Sheng-Chieh Lin , Jheng-Hong Yang , Rodrigo Nogueira , Ming-Feng Tsai , Chuan-Ju Wang , Jimmy Lin

We present a systematic review of 337 articles evaluating the syntactic abilities of Transformer-based language models (TLMs), reporting on over 3,000 datapoints spanning a wide range of syntactic phenomena, languages, models, and methods.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Nora Graichen , Iria de-Dios-Flores , Gemma Boleda

Conversational agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools for human-computer interaction. Nevertheless, their black-box nature implies challenges in predictability and a lack of personalization,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Barbara Gendron , Gaël Guibon , Mathieu d'Aquin

In this paper, we present the first automatic lexical simplification system for the Turkish language. Recent text simplification efforts rely on manually crafted simplified corpora and comprehensive NLP tools that can analyse the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ahmet Yavuz Uluslu

This paper describes a system submitted by team BigGreen to LCP 2021 for predicting the lexical complexity of English words in a given context. We assemble a feature engineering-based model with a deep neural network model founded on BERT.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Aadil Islam , Weicheng Ma , Soroush Vosoughi

Fine-tuning BERT-based models is resource-intensive in memory, computation, and time. While many prior works aim to improve inference efficiency via compression techniques, e.g., pruning, these works do not explicitly address the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Danilo Vucetic , Mohammadreza Tayaranian , Maryam Ziaeefard , James J. Clark , Brett H. Meyer , Warren J. Gross

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

Transformer-based language models excel in NLP tasks, but fine-grained control remains challenging. This paper explores methods for manipulating transformer models through principled interventions at three levels: prompts, activations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Faruk Alpay , Taylan Alpay

Research on text simplification has primarily focused on lexical and sentence-level changes. Long document-level simplification (DS) is still relatively unexplored. Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have excelled in many natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Dengzhao Fang , Jipeng Qiang , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Wei Li , Yan Liu

Transformer-based text to speech (TTS) model (e.g., Transformer TTS~\cite{li2019neural}, FastSpeech~\cite{ren2019fastspeech}) has shown the advantages of training and inference efficiency over RNN-based model (e.g.,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Mingjian Chen , Xu Tan , Yi Ren , Jin Xu , Hao Sun , Sheng Zhao , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu