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Many image-to-image translation problems are ambiguous, as a single input image may correspond to multiple possible outputs. In this work, we aim to model a \emph{distribution} of possible outputs in a conditional generative modeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Jun-Yan Zhu , Richard Zhang , Deepak Pathak , Trevor Darrell , Alexei A. Efros , Oliver Wang , Eli Shechtman

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) learn a deep generative model that is able to synthesise novel, high-dimensional data samples. New data samples are synthesised by passing latent samples, drawn from a chosen prior distribution,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-16 Antonia Creswell , Anil A Bharath

Modern generative models are usually designed to match target distributions directly in the data space, where the intrinsic dimension of data can be much lower than the ambient dimension. We argue that this discrepancy may contribute to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-02 Zijun Zhang , Ruixiang Zhang , Zongpeng Li , Yoshua Bengio , Liam Paull

The performance of sentence encoders can be significantly improved through the simple practice of fine-tuning using contrastive loss. A natural question arises: what characteristics do models acquire during contrastive learning? This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Hiroto Kurita , Goro Kobayashi , Sho Yokoi , Kentaro Inui

Contrastive learning is a discriminative approach that aims at grouping similar samples closer and diverse samples far from each other. It it an efficient technique to train an encoder generating distinguishable and informative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Qing Chen , Jian Zhang

Convolutional Neural Networks are a well-known staple of modern image classification. However, it can be difficult to assess the quality and robustness of such models. Deep models are known to perform well on a given training and estimation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-06 Alexey Chaplygin , Joshua Chacksfield

A grand challenge in machine learning is the development of computational algorithms that match or outperform humans in perceptual inference tasks that are complicated by nuisance variation. For instance, visual object recognition involves…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-03 Ankit B. Patel , Tan Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk

Learning useful representations of complex data has been the subject of extensive research for many years. With the diffusion of Deep Neural Networks, Variational Autoencoders have gained lots of attention since they provide an explicit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Marco Maggipinto , Matteo Terzi , Gian Antonio Susto

Contrastive learning has proven to be highly efficient and adaptable in shaping representation spaces across diverse modalities by pulling similar samples together and pushing dissimilar ones apart. However, two key limitations persist: (1)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Ziwen Wang , Jiajun Fan , Thao Nguyen , Heng Ji , Ge Liu

Differentiable rendering has paved the way to training neural networks to perform "inverse graphics" tasks such as predicting 3D geometry from monocular photographs. To train high performing models, most of the current approaches rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Yuxuan Zhang , Wenzheng Chen , Huan Ling , Jun Gao , Yinan Zhang , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Bayesian inference allows machine learning models to express uncertainty. Current machine learning models use only a single learnable parameter combination when making predictions, and as a result are highly overconfident when their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Andrew Wood , Moshik Hershcovitch , Daniel Waddington , Sarel Cohen , Peter Chin

Anomaly detection is to identify samples that do not conform to the distribution of the normal data. Due to the unavailability of anomalous data, training a supervised deep neural network is a cumbersome task. As such, unsupervised methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Vahid Reza Khazaie , Anthony Wong , John Taylor Jewell , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

Data uncertainty in practical person reID is ubiquitous, hence it requires not only learning the discriminative features, but also modeling the uncertainty based on the input. This paper proposes to learn the sample posterior and the class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Yan Zhang , Zhilin Zheng , Binyu He , Li Sun

Contrastive learning is among the most popular and powerful approaches for self-supervised representation learning, where the goal is to map semantically similar samples close together while separating dissimilar ones in the latent space.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-03 Ali Alvandi , Mina Rezaei

Probabilistic embeddings have proven useful for capturing polysemous word meanings, as well as ambiguity in image matching. In this paper, we study the advantages of probabilistic embeddings in a cross-modal setting (i.e., text and images),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Leila Pishdad , Ran Zhang , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Allan Jepson , Afsaneh Fazly

Novelty detection is the process of determining whether a query example differs from the learned training distribution. Previous methods attempt to learn the representation of the normal samples via generative adversarial networks (GANs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Chengwei Chen , Yuan Xie , Shaohui Lin , Ruizhi Qiao , Jian Zhou , Xin Tan , Yi Zhang , Lizhuang Ma

In response to an object presentation, supervised learning schemes generally respond with a parsimonious label. Upon a similar presentation we humans respond again with a label, but are flooded, in addition, by a myriad of associations. A…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Daniel N. Nissani

We consider a class of inverse problems characterized by forward operators that are partially specified, non-smooth, and non-differentiable. Although generative inverse solvers have made significant progress, we find that these forward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sattwik Basu , Chaitanya Amballa , Zhongweiyang Xu , Jorge Vančo Sampedro , Srihari Nelakuditi , Romit Roy Choudhury

Image reconstruction methods based on deep neural networks have shown outstanding performance, equalling or exceeding the state-of-the-art results of conventional approaches, but often do not provide uncertainty information about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Riccardo Barbano , Željko Kereta , Chen Zhang , Andreas Hauptmann , Simon Arridge , Bangti Jin

There exist many forms of deep latent variable models, such as the variational autoencoder and adversarial autoencoder. Regardless of the specific class of model, there exists an implicit consensus that the latent distribution should be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Rogan Morrow , Wei-Chen Chiu