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Inconsistency Robustness is performance of information systems with pervasively inconsistent information. Inconsistency Robustness of the community of professional mathematicians is their performance repeatedly repairing contradictions over…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-02-18 Carl Hewitt

A fundamental question asked in modal logic is whether a given theory is consistent. But consistent with what? A typical way to address this question identifies a choice of background knowledge axioms (say, S4, D, etc.) and then shows the…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Samuel Allen Alexander , Arthur Paul Pedersen

A key assumption fuelling optimism about the progress of large language models (LLMs) in accurately and comprehensively modelling the world is that the truth is systematic: true statements about the world form a whole that is not just…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Matthieu Queloz

We evaluate LLMs' language understanding capacities on simple inference tasks that most humans find trivial. Specifically, we target (i) grammatically-specified entailments, (ii) premises with evidential adverbs of uncertainty, and (iii)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Victoria Basmov , Yoav Goldberg , Reut Tsarfaty

We propose a procedure for automated implicit inductive theorem proving for equational specifications made of rewrite rules with conditions and constraints. The constraints are interpreted over constructor terms (representing data values),…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-12-01 Adel Bouhoula , Florent Jacquemard

I investigate the modal commitments of various conceptions of the philosophy of arithmetic potentialism. Specifically, I shall consider the potentialist conceptions arising from a model-theoretic view of the models of arithmetic as possible…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Joel David Hamkins

Given a first-order theory $T$ formulated in the usual language of first-order arithmetic, we say that $T$ is of *restricted complexity* if there is some natural number $n$ and some set $\mathcal A$ of $\Sigma_n$-sentences such that $T$ can…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Ali Enayat , Mateusz Łełyk , Albert Visser

We present a systematic approach to logical predicates based on universal coalgebra and higher-order abstract GSOS, thus making a first step towards a unifying theory of logical relations. We first observe that logical predicates are…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Sergey Goncharov , Alessio Santamaria , Lutz Schröder , Stelios Tsampas , Henning Urbat

This paper engages the question "Does the consistency of a set of axioms entail the existence of a model in which they are satisfied?" within the frame of the Frege-Hilbert controversy. The question is related historically to the…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-05-03 Walter Dean

G\"odel's first and second incompleteness theorems are corner stones of modern mathematics. In this article we present a new proof of these theorems for ZFC and theories containing ZFC, using Chaitin's incompleteness theorem and a very…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-02-20 David O. Zisselman

We deal with the fragment of modal logic consisting of implications of formulas built up from the variables and the constant `true' by conjunction and diamonds only. The weaker language allows one to interpret the diamonds as the uniform…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-07-16 Lev Beklemishev

In this work, we develop a formal system of inductive logic. It uses an infinitary language that allows for countable conjunctions and disjunctions. It is based on a set of nine syntactic rules of inductive inference, and contains classical…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Jason Swanson

We show that induction over $\Delta(\mathbb R)$-definable well-founded classes is equivalent to the reflection principle which asserts that any true formula of first order set theory with real parameters holds in some transitive set. The…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Anton Freund

This paper extends the applications of belief-networks to include the revision of belief commitments, i.e., the categorical acceptance of a subset of hypotheses which, together, constitute the most satisfactory explanation of the evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Judea Pearl

An approach to universal (meta-)logical reasoning in classical higher-order logic is employed to explore and study simplifications of Kurt G\"odel's modal ontological argument. Some argument premises are modified, others are dropped, modal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Christoph Benzmüller

In this paper we describe an algorithm for implicitizing rational hypersurfaces in case there exists at most a finite number of base points. It is based on a technique exposed in math.AG/0210096, where implicit equations are obtained as…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Laurent Buse , Marc Chardin

We prove expressive completeness results for convex propositional and modal team logics, where a logic is convex if, for each formula, if it is true in two teams $t$ and $u$ and $t\subseteq s\subseteq u$, then it is also true in $s$. We…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Aleksi Anttila , Søren Brinck Knudstorp

In this work, we present a logical formalism for reasoning about quantum systems in finite dimension. Contrary to the usual approach in quantum logic, our formalism is based classical first-order logic, which allows us to use the tools of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Olivier Brunet

We prove a topological completeness theorem for the modal logic GLP containing operators $\langle\lambda\rangle$ for $\lambda \in$ Ord intended to capture progressively stronger notions of consistency in mathematical theories. We show that,…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-05-07 Juan P. Aguilera

In this note we observe that automated theorem provers (ATPs) that recursively enumerate theorems in a particular way will fail to identify some valid theorems for a reason that is analogous to how G\"odel proved the existence of what are…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Jeffrey Uhlmann