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Privacy-preserving deep learning addresses privacy concerns in Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) by using Homomorphic Encryption (HE) for linear computations. However, the computational overhead remains a major challenge. While prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yifei Cai , Yizhou Feng , Qiao Zhang , Chunsheng Xin , Hongyi Wu

This letter presents a novel high impedance fault (HIF) detection approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Compared to traditional artificial neural networks, a CNN offers translation invariance and it can accurately detect HIFs…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-19 Rui Fan , Tianzhixi Yin

Reliable neural networks (NNs) provide important inference-time reliability guarantees such as fairness and robustness. Complementarily, privacy-preserving NN inference protects the privacy of client data. So far these two emerging areas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Nikola Jovanović , Marc Fischer , Samuel Steffen , Martin Vechev

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) refers to a set of encryption schemes that allow computations to be applied directly on encrypted data without requiring a secret key. This enables novel application scenarios where a client can safely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Roshan Dathathri , Olli Saarikivi , Hao Chen , Kim Laine , Kristin Lauter , Saeed Maleki , Madanlal Musuvathi , Todd Mytkowicz

Machine learning models are often provisioned as a cloud-based service where the clients send their data to the service provider to obtain the result. This setting is commonplace due to the high value of the models, but it requires the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jaewoo Park , Chenghao Quan , Hyungon Moon , Jongeun Lee

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) enables private inference by evaluating neural networks on encrypted data. In this way, we can delegate the computation to a third party server without ever revealing the user's data. Currently, the CKKS…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Philipp Kern , Lorenzo Rovida , Samuel Teuber , Edoardo Manino , Carsten Sinz , Alberto Leporati

With the rapid increase in cloud computing, concerns surrounding data privacy, security, and confidentiality also have been increased significantly. Not only cloud providers are susceptible to internal and external hacks, but also in some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 M. Sadegh Riazi , Kim Laine , Blake Pelton , Wei Dai

Designing privacy-preserving deep learning models is a major challenge within the deep learning community. Homomorphic Encryption (HE) has emerged as one of the most promising approaches in this realm, enabling the decoupling of knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Itamar Zimerman , Moran Baruch , Nir Drucker , Gilad Ezov , Omri Soceanu , Lior Wolf

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently become the state-of-the-art in a diversity of AI tasks. Despite their popularity, CNN inference still comes at a high computational cost. A growing body of work aims to alleviate this by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Stefanos Laskaridis , Stylianos I. Venieris , Hyeji Kim , Nicholas D. Lane

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a relatively recent advancement in the field of privacy-preserving technologies. FHE allows for the arbitrary depth computation of both addition and multiplication, and thus the application of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-29 George Onoufriou , Paul Mayfield , Georgios Leontidis

We present both a novel Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) accelerator architecture and a network compiler for FPGAs that outperforms all prior work. Instead of having generic processing elements that together process one layer at a time,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Mathew Hall , Vaughn Betz

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is a cryptographic tool that allows performing computation under encryption, which is used by many privacy-preserving machine learning solutions, for example, to perform secure classification. Modern deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Nir Drucker , Itamar Zimerman

This paper presents a hardware-efficient deep neural network (DNN), optimized through hardware-aware neural architecture search (HW-NAS); the DNN supports the classification of session-level encrypted traffic on resource-constrained…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Adel Chehade , Edoardo Ragusa , Paolo Gastaldo , Rodolfo Zunino

In response to the challenges posed by non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data and the escalating threat of privacy attacks in Federated Learning (FL), we introduce HyperFedNet (HFN), a novel architecture that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Xingyun Chen , Yan Huang , Zhenzhen Xie , Junjie Pang

Deep hashing techniques have emerged as the predominant approach for efficient image retrieval. Traditionally, these methods utilize pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) such as AlexNet and VGG-16 as feature extractors. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Aymene Berriche , Mehdi Adjal Zakaria , Riyadh Baghdadi

Outsourced computation for neural networks allows users access to state of the art models without needing to invest in specialized hardware and know-how. The problem is that the users lose control over potentially privacy sensitive data.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Robert Podschwadt , Daniel Takabi , Peizhao Hu

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables computations on encrypted data, preserving confidentiality without the need for decryption. However, FHE is often hindered by significant performance overhead, particularly for high-precision and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Chao Wang , Shubing Yang , Xiaoyan Sun , Jun Dai , Dongfang Zhao

While homomorphic encryption (HE) provides strong privacy protection, its high computational cost has restricted its application to simple tasks. Recently, hyperdimensional computing (HDC) applied to HE has shown promising performance for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jaewoo Park , Chenghao Quan , Jongeun Lee

The need for privacy-preserving analytics is higher than ever due to the severity of privacy risks and to comply with new privacy regulations leading to an amplified interest in privacy-preserving techniques that try to balance between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Ahmad Al Badawi , Luong Hoang , Chan Fook Mun , Kim Laine , Khin Mi Mi Aung

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) relies heavily on the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), making NTT a major performance bottleneck due to its intensive polynomial computations. Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE), which integrates…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hang Gu , Teng Wang , Qianyu Cheng , Jinao Li , Zhendong Zheng , Lei Gong , Wenqi Lou , Xi Li , Xuehai Zhou