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All-weather autonomy is critical for autonomous driving, which necessitates reliable localization across diverse scenarios. While LiDAR place recognition is widely deployed for this task, its performance degrades in adverse weather.…
Accurate extrinsic calibration between multiple LiDAR sensors and a GNSS-aided inertial navigation system (GINS) is essential for achieving reliable sensor fusion in intelligent mining environments. Such calibration enables vehicle-road…
In this paper, we propose a method of targetless and automatic Camera-LiDAR calibration. Our approach is an extension of hand-eye calibration framework to 2D-3D calibration. By using the sensor fusion odometry method, the scaled camera…
Fusing different sensor modalities can be a difficult task, particularly if they are asynchronous. Asynchronisation may arise due to long processing times or improper synchronisation during calibration, and there must exist a way to still…
Precise and real-time rail vehicle localization as well as railway environment monitoring is crucial for railroad safety. In this letter, we propose a multi-LiDAR based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system for railway…
LiDAR-camera extrinsic calibration is essential for multi-modal data fusion in robotic perception systems. However, existing approaches typically rely on handcrafted calibration targets (e.g., checkerboards) or specific, static scene types,…
In this paper we perform an experimental comparison of three different target based 3D-LIDAR camera calibration algorithms. We briefly elucidate the mathematical background behind each method and provide insights into practical aspects like…
Multi-agent cooperative perception is an increasingly popular topic in the field of autonomous driving, where roadside LiDARs play an essential role. However, how to optimize the placement of roadside LiDARs is a crucial but often…
Calibration of sensors is fundamental to robust performance for intelligent vehicles. In natural environments, disturbances can easily challenge calibration. One possibility is to use natural objects of known shape to recalibrate sensors.…
In self-driving, standalone GPS is generally considered to have insufficient positioning accuracy to stay in lane. Instead, many turn to LIDAR localization, but this comes at the expense of building LIDAR maps that can be costly to…
Automated driving systems use multi-modal sensor suites to ensure the reliable, redundant and robust perception of the operating domain, for example camera and LiDAR. An accurate extrinsic calibration is required to fuse the camera and…
The trend towards autonomous driving and the continuous research in the automotive area, like Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), requires an accurate localization under all circumstances. An accurate estimation of the vehicle state…
Autonomous navigation at high speeds in off-road environments necessitates robots to comprehensively understand their surroundings using onboard sensing only. The extreme conditions posed by the off-road setting can cause degraded camera…
Advancing research in fields such as Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and autonomous navigation critically depends on the availability of reliable and reproducible multimodal datasets. While several influential datasets have…
In the era of autonomous driving, urban mapping represents a core step to let vehicles interact with the urban context. Successful mapping algorithms have been proposed in the last decade building the map leveraging on data from a single…
LiDAR odometry can achieve accurate vehicle pose estimation for short driving range or in small-scale environments, but for long driving range or in large-scale environments, the accuracy deteriorates as a result of cumulative estimation…
LiDAR-based localization and mapping is one of the core components in many modern robotic systems due to the direct integration of range and geometry, allowing for precise motion estimation and generation of high quality maps in real-time.…
Accurate extrinsic calibration of LiDAR, RADAR, and camera sensors is essential for reliable perception in autonomous vehicles. Still, it remains challenging due to factors such as mechanical vibrations and cumulative sensor drift in…
Spatial synchronization in roadside scenarios is essential for integrating data from multiple sensors at different locations. Current methods using cascading spatial transformation (CST) often lead to cumulative errors in large-scale…
In this work, we propose the LiDAR Road-Atlas, a compactable and efficient 3D map representation, for autonomous robot or vehicle navigation in general urban environment. The LiDAR Road-Atlas can be generated by an online mapping framework…