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Microservices expose their functionality via remote Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), e.g., based on HTTP or asynchronous messaging technology. To solve recurring problems in this design space, Microservice API Patterns (MAPs) have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Justus Bogner , Pawel Wójcik , Olaf Zimmermann

Context: Over the past decade, the adoption of Microservice Architecture (MSA) has led to the identification of various patterns and anti-patterns, such as Nano/Mega/Hub services. Detecting these anti-patterns often involves modeling the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Alexander Bakhtin , Matteo Esposito , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Taibi

Nowadays, many companies design and develop their software systems as a set of loosely coupled microservices that communicate via their Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). While the loose coupling improves maintainability,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Alexander Lercher , Johann Glock , Christian Macho , Martin Pinzger

Cloud-native systems represent a significant leap in constructing scalable, large systems, employing microservice architecture as a key element in developing distributed systems through self-contained components. However, the decentralized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Amr S. Abdelfattah

The widespread adoption of microservices has fundamentally transformed how modern software systems are designed, deployed, operated and maintained. However, well-known microservice properties (e.g., dynamic scalability and decentralized…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Man Zhang , Tao Yue , Andrea Arcuri

Lack of resources is a challenge for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in implementing an IT-based system to facilitate more efficient business decisions and expanding the market. A community system based on service-oriented architecture…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Agustinus Andriyanto , Robin Doss

[Context] Coupling is a widely discussed metric by software engineers while developing complex software systems, often referred to as a crucial factor and symptom of a poor or good design. Nevertheless, measuring the logical coupling among…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Dario Amoroso d Aragona , Luca Pascarella , Andrea Janes , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Rafael Penaloza , Davide Taibi

Lack of awareness and knowledge of microservices-specific security challenges and solutions often leads to ill-informed security decisions in microservices system development. We claim that identifying and leveraging security discussions…

This early work aims to allow organizations to diagnose their capacity to properly adopt microservices through initial milestones of a Microservice Maturity Model (MiMMo). The objective is to prepare the way towards a general framework to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Jean-Philippe Gouigoux , Dalila Tamzalit , Joost Noppen

The technological advancements of recent years have steadily increased the complexity of vehicle-internal software systems, and the ongoing development towards autonomous driving will further aggravate this situation. This is leading to a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Jannik Lotz , Andreas Vogelsang , Ola Benderius , Christian Berger

Microservice Architecture (MSA) is a novel service-based architectural style for distributed software systems. Compared to Service-oriented Architecture (SOA), MSA puts a stronger focus on self-containment of services. Each microservice is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Florian Rademacher , Sabine Sachweh , Albert Zündorf

Micro service architecture has revolutionized the landscape for the development of web and mobile applications alike. Due to the stateless nature and loose coupling involved in the design of micro services, native mobile applications can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Chaitanya K. Rudrabhatla

Cloud applications are increasingly shifting from large monolithic services, to complex graphs of loosely-coupled microservices. Despite their advantages, microservices also introduce cascading QoS violations in cloud applications, which…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yu Gan , Mingyu Liang , Sundar Dev , David Lo , Christina Delimitrou

A self-adaptive system can dynamically monitor and adapt its behavior to preserve or enhance its quality attributes under uncertain operating conditions. This article identifies key challenges for the development of microservice…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Nabor C. Mendonca , Pooyan Jamshidi , David Garlan , Claus Pahl

Context: An increasing demand is observed in various domains to employ Machine Learning (ML) for solving complex problems. ML models are implemented as software components and deployed in Machine Learning Software Systems (MLSSs). Problem:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Pierre-Olivier Côté , Amin Nikanjam , Rached Bouchoucha , Ilan Basta , Mouna Abidi , Foutse Khomh

Microservice architectures have become a popular approach for designing scalable distributed applications. Despite their extensive use in industrial settings for over a decade, there is limited understanding of the data management…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rodrigo Laigner , Zhexiang Zhang , Yijian Liu , Leonardo Freitas Gomes , Yongluan Zhou

Context. Service-oriented architecture and its microservice-based approach increase an attack surface of applications. Exposed microservices become a pivot point for advanced persistent threats and completely change the threat landscape.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Alexander Barabanov , Denis Makrushin

Microservices have become the dominant architectural paradigm for building scalable and modular cloud-native systems. However, achieving effective auto-scaling in such systems remains a non-trivial challenge, as it depends not only on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Majid Dashtbani , Ladan Tahvildari

The microservice architecture is a style inspired by service-oriented computing that has recently started gaining popularity and that promises to change the way in which software is perceived, conceived and designed. In this paper we offer…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Manuel Mazzara , Ruslan Mustafin , Larisa Safina , Ivan Lanese

Managing software artifacts is one of the most essential aspects of computer science. It enables to develop, operate, and maintain software in an engineer-like manner. Therefore, numerous concrete strategies, methods, best practices, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Marcus Hilbrich , Ninon De Mecquenem