Related papers: Made to measure: an introduction to quantification…

Extracting reliable and quantitative microstructure information of living tissue by non-invasive imaging is an outstanding challenge for understanding disease mechanisms and allowing early stage diagnosis of pathologies. Magnetic Resonance…

Medical images constitute a source of information essential for disease diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. In addition, due to its patient-specific nature, imaging information represents a critical component required for advancing…

The tension between qualitative theorizing and quantitative methods is pervasive in the social sciences, and poses a constant challenge to empirical research. But in science studies as an interdisciplinary specialty, there are additional…

Real-world data typically contain a large number of features that are often heterogeneous in nature, relevance, and also units of measure. When assessing the similarity between data points, one can build various distance measures using…

Many synoptic surveys are observing large parts of the sky multiple times. The resulting lightcurves provide a wonderful window to the dynamic nature of the universe. However, there are many significant challenges in analyzing these light…

Creativity of generative AI models has been a subject of scientific debate in the last years, without a conclusive answer. In this paper, we study creativity from a practical perspective and introduce quantitative measures that help the…

In any natural science, measurements are the essential link between theory and observable reality. Is it possible to obtain accurate and relevant information via measurement whose action on the probed system is unknown? In other words, can…

Mass density is a vital property for improved biophysical understanding of and within biological samples. It is increasingly attracting active investigation, but still lacks reliable, non-contact techniques to accurately characterize it in…

Complex systems are found in most branches of science. It is still argued how to best quantify their complexity and to what end. One prominent measure of complexity (the statistical complexity) has an operational meaning in terms of the…

Automatic attribute discovery methods have gained in popularity to extract sets of visual attributes from images or videos for various tasks. Despite their good performance in some classification tasks, it is difficult to evaluate whether…

Images document scientific discoveries and are prevalent in modern biomedical research. Microscopy imaging in particular is currently undergoing rapid technological advancements. However for scientists wishing to publish the obtained images…

The combination of clinical and personal health and wellbeing data can tell us much about our behaviors, risks and overall status. The way this data is visualized may affect our understanding of our own health. To study this effect, we…

Near-field microwave microscopy has created the opportunity for a new class of electrodynamics experiments of materials. Freed from the constraints of traditional microwave optics, experiments can be carried out at high spatial resolution…

Segmentation, or the outlining of objects within images, is a critical step in the measurement and analysis of cells within microscopy images. While improvements continue to be made in tools that rely on classical methods for segmentation,…

We consider seismic imaging to include seismic inversion. Imaging could use approximate operator or time instead of depth. Processing in time is an important part of seismic imaging as well as processing in depth. We can classify seismic…

People's visual experiences of the world are easy to carve up and examine along natural language boundaries, e.g., by category labels, attribute labels, etc. However, it is more difficult to elicit detailed visuospatial information about…

Cell image classification methods are currently being used in numerous applications in cell biology and medicine. Applications include understanding the effects of genes and drugs in screening experiments, understanding the role and…

Imaging methods used in modern neuroscience experiments are quickly producing large amounts of data capable of providing increasing amounts of knowledge about neuroanatomy and function. A great deal of information in these datasets is…

New technologies have enabled the investigation of biology and human health at an unprecedented scale and in multiple dimensions. These dimensions include a myriad of properties describing genome, epigenome, transcriptome, microbiome,…

By their very nature microscopy images of cells and tissues consist of a limited number of object types or components. In contrast to most natural scenes, the composition is known a priori. Decomposing biological images into semantically…