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We present multilingual Pre-trained Machine Reader (mPMR), a novel method for multilingual machine reading comprehension (MRC)-style pre-training. mPMR aims to guide multilingual pre-trained language models (mPLMs) to perform natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Weiwen Xu , Xin Li , Wai Lam , Lidong Bing

Grounded on pre-trained language models (PLMs), dense retrieval has been studied extensively on plain text. In contrast, there has been little research on retrieving data with multiple aspects using dense models. In the scenarios such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Xiaojie Sun , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Xinyu Ma , Fan Yixing , Hongyu Shan , Qishen Zhang , Zhongyi Liu

Speech Large Language Models (Speech LLMs) have emerged as a crucial paradigm in recent years, extending the capabilities of traditional LLMs to speech tasks such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken dialogue modeling. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Phurich Saengthong , Boonnithi Jiaramaneepinit , Sheng Li , Manabu Okumura , Takahiro Shinozaki

Pre-trained language models based on masked language modeling (MLM) excel in natural language understanding (NLU) tasks. While fine-tuned MLM-based encoders consistently outperform causal language modeling decoders of comparable size,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 David Dukić , Jan Šnajder

Cross-lingual transfer learning is an important property of multilingual large language models (LLMs). But how do LLMs represent relationships between languages? Every language model has an input layer that maps tokens to vectors. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Andrea W Wen-Yi , David Mimno

Word alignment over parallel corpora has a wide variety of applications, including learning translation lexicons, cross-lingual transfer of language processing tools, and automatic evaluation or analysis of translation outputs. The great…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Zi-Yi Dou , Graham Neubig

Dense retrieval calls for discriminative embeddings to represent the semantic relationship between query and document. It may benefit from the using of large language models (LLMs), given LLMs' strong capability on semantic understanding.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zheng Liu , Chaofan Li , Shitao Xiao , Yingxia Shao , Defu Lian

Sentence embedding is a significant research topic in the field of natural language processing (NLP). Generating sentence embedding vectors reflecting the intrinsic meaning of a sentence is a key factor to achieve an enhanced performance in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Myeongjun Jang , Pilsung Kang

There has been limited success for dense retrieval models in multilingual retrieval, due to uneven and scarce training data available across multiple languages. Synthetic training data generation is promising (e.g., InPars or Promptagator),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Nandan Thakur , Jianmo Ni , Gustavo Hernández Ábrego , John Wieting , Jimmy Lin , Daniel Cer

Current multilingual vision-language models either require a large number of additional parameters for each supported language, or suffer performance degradation as languages are added. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Multilingual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Andrea Burns , Donghyun Kim , Derry Wijaya , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

Recent developments in deep learning have led to a significant innovation in various classic and practical subjects, including speech recognition, computer vision, question answering, information retrieval and so on. In the context of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Li-Phen Yen , Zhen-Yu Wu , Kuan-Yu Chen

Definition modeling is an important task in advanced natural language applications such as understanding and conversation. Since its introduction, it focus on generating one definition for a target word or phrase in a given context, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Linhan Zhang , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Yuxin Jiang , Bing Li , Wei Wang , Xin Cao

We explore neural language modeling for speech recognition where the context spans multiple sentences. Rather than encode history beyond the current sentence using a cache of words or document-level features, we focus our study on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , William Gale , Xie Chen , George Polovets , Shuangyu Chang

We present a simple sequential sentence encoder for multi-domain natural language inference. Our encoder is based on stacked bidirectional LSTM-RNNs with shortcut connections and fine-tuning of word embeddings. The overall supervised model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Yixin Nie , Mohit Bansal

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have obtained excellent result in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, understanding and interpreting the source of this success remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose Recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Ke Tran , Arianna Bisazza , Christof Monz

For both human readers and pre-trained language models (PrLMs), lexical diversity may lead to confusion and inaccuracy when understanding the underlying semantic meanings of given sentences. By substituting complex words with simple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Rongzhou Bao , Jiayi Wang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

The state-of-the-art pre-trained language representation models, such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), rarely incorporate commonsense knowledge or other knowledge explicitly. We propose a pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Zhi-Xiu Ye , Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Zhen-Hua Ling

Language models (LMs) are machine learning models designed to predict linguistic patterns by estimating the probability of word sequences based on large-scale datasets, such as text. LMs have a wide range of applications in natural language…

We present Mu$^{2}$SLAM, a multilingual sequence-to-sequence model pre-trained jointly on unlabeled speech, unlabeled text and supervised data spanning Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), Automatic Speech Translation (AST) and Machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Yong Cheng , Yu Zhang , Melvin Johnson , Wolfgang Macherey , Ankur Bapna

Beam search with masked language models (MLMs) is challenging in part because joint probability distributions over sequences are not readily available, unlike for autoregressive models. However, estimating such distributions has important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Creston Brooks , Robert Calef , Charlie Cowen-Breen , Anna Sappington