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In the machine learning culture, an independent test set is required for proper model verification. Failures in model verification, including test set omission and test set leakage, make it impossible to know whether or not a trained model…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-09 Thomas P. Quinn

Robots are increasingly becoming part of our daily lives, interacting with both the environment and humans to perform their tasks. The software of such robots often undergoes upgrades, for example, to add new functionalities, fix bugs, or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xinyi Wang , Qinghua Xu , Paolo Arcaini , Shaukat Ali , Thomas Peyrucain

Authentication is a critical security feature for confirming the identity of a system's users, typically implemented with help from frameworks like Spring Security. It is a complex feature which should be robustly tested at all stages of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Danielle Gonzalez , Michael Rath , Mehdi Mirakhorli

Reliability has been a major concern in embedded systems. Higher transistor density and lower voltage supply increase the vulnerability of embedded systems to soft errors. A Single Event Upset (SEU), which is also called a soft error, can…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Bing Xue , Mark Zwolinski

Automatic test-case generation techniques of symbolic execution and fuzzing are the most widely used methods to discover vulnerabilities in, both, academia and industry. However, both these methods suffer from fundamental drawbacks that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Saahil Ognawala , Alexander Pretschner , Thomas Hutzelmann , Eirini Psallida , Ricardo Nales Amato

Memory safety defects pose a major threat to software reliability, enabling cyberattacks, outages, and crashes. To mitigate these risks, organizations adopt Compositional Bounded Model Checking (BMC), using unit proofs to formally verify…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Paschal C. Amusuo , Owen Cochell , Taylor Le Lievre , Parth V. Patil , Aravind Machiry , James C. Davis

In high dimensions, most machine learning methods are brittle to even a small fraction of structured outliers. To address this, we introduce a new meta-algorithm that can take in a base learner such as least squares or stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Ilias Diakonikolas , Gautam Kamath , Daniel M. Kane , Jerry Li , Jacob Steinhardt , Alistair Stewart

Metamorphic testing (MT) is a general approach for the testing of a specific kind of software systems -- so-called ``non-testable'', where the ``classical'' testing approaches are difficult to apply. MT is an effective approach for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Nasser Alzahrani , Maria Spichkova , James Harland

Unit testing is crucial for detecting bugs in individual program units but consumes time and effort. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating unit test cases. However, several problems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Siqi Gu , Quanjun Zhang , Kecheng Li , Chunrong Fang , Fangyuan Tian , Liuchuan Zhu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen

Selecting LLM-generated code candidates using LLM-generated tests is challenging because the tests themselves may be incorrect. Existing methods either treat all tests equally or rely on ad-hoc heuristics to filter unreliable tests. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hui Sun , Yun-Ji Zhang , Zheng Xie , Ren-Biao Liu , Yali Du , Xin-Ye Li , Ming Li

Statistically consistent methods based on the noise transition matrix ($T$) offer a theoretically grounded solution to Learning with Noisy Labels (LNL), with guarantees of convergence to the optimal clean-data classifier. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Chen Feng , Zhuo Zhi , Zhao Huang , Jiawei Ge , Ling Xiao , Nicu Sebe , Georgios Tzimiropoulos , Ioannis Patras

We propose Sensitivity-Uncertainty Alignment (SUA), a framework for analyzing failures of large language models under adversarial and ambiguous inputs. We argue that adversarial sensitivity and ambiguity reflect a common issue: misalignment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Prakul Sunil Hiremath , Harshit R. Hiremath

Automated fault localization requires connecting an observed test failure to the responsible method across thousands of candidates--a task that purely statistical approaches handle with limited precision and that LLMs cannot yet handle at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Software vulnerabilities are often detected via taint analysis, penetration testing, or fuzzing. They are also found via unit tests that exercise security-sensitive behavior with specific inputs, called vulnerability-witnessing tests.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Emanuele Iannone , Quang-Cuong Bui , Riccardo Scandariato

Static Analysis (SA) tools are used to identify potential weaknesses in code and fix them in advance, while the code is being developed. In legacy codebases with high complexity, these rules-based static analysis tools generally report a…

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is now widespread in education, yet the efficacy of GenAI systems remains constrained by the quality and interpretation of the labeled data used to train and evaluate them. Studies commonly report…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Danielle R. Thomas , Conrad Borchers , Kirk P. Vanacore , Kenneth R. Koedinger , René F. Kizilcec

Identifying the cause of a proof failure during deductive verification of programs is hard: it may be due to an incorrectness in the program, an incompleteness in the program annotations, or an incompleteness of the prover. The changes…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Benedikt Becker , Cláudio Belo Lourenço , Claude Marché

This paper addresses the issue of {\sc pos} tagger evaluation. Such evaluation is usually performed by comparing the tagger output with a reference test corpus, which is assumed to be error-free. Currently used corpora contain noise which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 L. Padro , L. Marquez

Fuzzing is one of the fastest growing fields in software testing. The idea behind fuzzing is to check the behavior of software against a large number of randomly generated inputs, trying to cover all interesting parts of the input space,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Rahul Gopinath , Philipp Görz , Alex Groce

Testing Deep Learning (DL) based systems inherently requires large and representative test sets to evaluate whether DL systems generalise beyond their training datasets. Diverse Test Input Generators (TIGs) have been proposed to produce…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Vincenzo Riccio , Paolo Tonella