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Predicting the future motion of actors in a traffic scene is a crucial part of any autonomous driving system. Recent research in this area has focused on trajectory prediction approaches that optimize standard trajectory error metrics. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Harshayu Girase , Jerrick Hoang , Sai Yalamanchi , Micol Marchetti-Bowick

To ensure their safe use, autonomous vehicles (AVs) must meet rigorous certification criteria that involve executing maneuvers safely within (arbitrary) scenarios where other actors perform their intended maneuvers. For that purpose,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Aren A. Babikian , Attila Ficsor , Oszkár Semeráth , Gunter Mussbacher , Dániel Varró

One core challenge in the development of automated vehicles is their capability to deal with a multitude of complex trafficscenarios with many, hard to predict traffic participants. As part of the iterative development process, it is…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Lars Töttel , Maximilian Zipfl , Daniel Bogdoll , Marc René Zofka , J. Marius Zöllner

The safety assessment of automated vehicles (AVs) is an important aspect of the development cycle of AVs. A scenario-based assessment approach is accepted by many players in the field as part of the complete safety assessment. A scenario is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Erwin de Gelder , Eric Cator , Jan-Pieter Paardekooper , Olaf Op den Camp , Bart De Schutter

The paper addresses the problem of providing suitable reference trajectories in motion planning problems for autonomous vehicles. Among the various approaches to compute a reference trajectory, our aim is to find those trajectories which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-24 Matthias Gerdts , Björn Martens

We introduce Scenario Dreamer, a fully data-driven generative simulator for autonomous vehicle planning that generates both the initial traffic scene - comprising a lane graph and agent bounding boxes - and closed-loop agent behaviours.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Luke Rowe , Roger Girgis , Anthony Gosselin , Liam Paull , Christopher Pal , Felix Heide

Benchmarking is a common method for evaluating trajectory prediction models for autonomous driving. Existing benchmarks rely on datasets, which are biased towards more common scenarios, such as cruising, and distance-based metrics that are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Changhe Chen , Mozhgan Pourkeshavarz , Amir Rasouli

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are now operating on public roads, which makes their testing and validation more critical than ever. Simulation offers a safe and controlled environment for evaluating AV performance in varied conditions. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Saeed Rahmani , Shiva Rasouli , Daphne Cornelisse , Eugene Vinitsky , Bart van Arem , Simeon C. Calvert

For driving safely and efficiently in highway scenarios, autonomous vehicles (AVs) must be able to predict future behaviors of surrounding object vehicles (OVs), and assess collision risk accurately for reasonable decision-making. Aiming at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Dejian Meng , Wei Xiao , Lijun Zhang , Zhuang Zhang , Zihao Liu

Scenario-based testing has emerged as a common method for autonomous vehicles (AVs) safety assessment, offering a more efficient alternative to mile-based testing by focusing on high-risk scenarios. However, fundamental questions persist…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Xingyu Zhao , Robab Aghazadeh-Chakherlou , Chih-Hong Cheng , Peter Popov , Lorenzo Strigini

Predicting future motions of nearby agents is essential for an autonomous vehicle to take safe and effective actions. In this paper, we propose TSGN, a framework using Temporal Scene Graph Neural Networks with projected vectorized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Yunong Wu , Thomas Gilles , Bogdan Stanciulescu , Fabien Moutarde

Safety-critical scenarios are essential for the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) but are rare in real-world driving data. While simulation offers a way to generate such scenarios, manually designed test cases lack scalability, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zimu Gong , Brian Zhaoning Zhang , Chris Zhang , Kelvin Wong , Raquel Urtasun

The goal of autonomous vehicles is to navigate public roads safely and comfortably. To enforce safety, traditional planning approaches rely on handcrafted rules to generate trajectories. Machine learning-based systems, on the other hand,…

This paper develops a test scenario specification procedure using crash sequence analysis and Bayesian network modeling. Intersection two-vehicle crash data was obtained from the 2016 to 2018 National Highway Traffic Safety Administration…

Applications · Statistics 2022-08-25 Yu Song , Madhav V. Chitturi , David A. Noyce

This paper presents a method based on linear programming for trajectory planning of automated vehicles, combining obstacle avoidance, time scheduling for the reaching of waypoints and time-optimal traversal of tube-like road segments.…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Mogens Graf Plessen

The selection of relevant test scenarios for the scenario-based testing and safety validation of automated driving systems (ADSs) remains challenging. An important aspect of the relevance of a scenario is the challenge it poses for an ADS.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Lennart Vater , Sven Tarlowski , Michael Schuldes , Lutz Eckstein

We present a new approach to automated scenario-based testing of the safety of autonomous vehicles, especially those using advanced artificial intelligence-based components, spanning both simulation-based evaluation as well as testing in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-14 Daniel J. Fremont , Edward Kim , Yash Vardhan Pant , Sanjit A. Seshia , Atul Acharya , Xantha Bruso , Paul Wells , Steve Lemke , Qiang Lu , Shalin Mehta

Automated driving functions (ADFs) have become increasingly popular in recent years. However, their safety must be assured. Thus, the verification and validation of these functions is still an important open issue in research and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Daniel Becker , Guido Küppers , Lutz Eckstein

Vector maps are essential in autonomous driving for tasks like localization and planning, yet their creation and maintenance are notably costly. While recent advances in online vector map generation for autonomous vehicles are promising,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Narayanan Elavathur Ranganatha , Hengyuan Zhang , Shashank Venkatramani , Jing-Yan Liao , Henrik I. Christensen

Vectorized high-definition (HD) map is essential for autonomous driving, providing detailed and precise environmental information for advanced perception and planning. However, current map vectorization methods often exhibit deviations, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Gongjie Zhang , Jiahao Lin , Shuang Wu , Yilin Song , Zhipeng Luo , Yang Xue , Shijian Lu , Zuoguan Wang