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We optimize two-mode, entangled, number states of light in the presence of loss in order to maximize the extraction of the available phase information in an interferometer. Our approach optimizes over the entire available input Hilbert…

Phase measurement using a lossless Mach-Zehnder interferometer with certain entangled $N$-photon states can lead to a phase sensitivity of the order of 1/N, the Heisenberg limit. However, previously considered output measurement schemes are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yang Gao , Hwang Lee

Quantum Metrology is one of the most promising application of quantum technologies. The aim of this research field is the estimation of unknown parameters exploiting quantum resources, whose application can lead to enhanced performances…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-13 Emanuele Polino , Mauro Valeri , Nicolò Spagnolo , Fabio Sciarrino

Photonic states with large and fixed photon numbers, such as Fock states, enable quantum-enhanced metrology but remain an experimentally elusive resource. A potentially simple, deterministic and scalable way to generate these states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 V. Paulisch , M. Perarnau-Llobet , A. González-Tudela , J. I. Cirac

In the domain of quantum metrology, cat states have demonstrated their utility despite their inherent fragility with respect to losses. Here, we introduce noise robust optical cat states which exhibit a metrological robustness for phase…

Quantum metrology utilizes entanglement for improving the sensitivity of measurements. Up to now the focus has been on the measurement of just one out of two non-commuting observables. Here we demonstrate a laser interferometer that…

In quantum metrology, entanglement represents a valuable resource that can be used to overcome the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) that bounds the precision of sensors that operate with independent particles. Measurements beyond the SQL are…

Quantum imaging exploits the spatial correlations between photons to image object features with a higher resolution than a corresponding classical light source could achieve. Using a quantum correlated $N$-photon state, the method of…

Two-mode interferometers, such as Michelson interferometer based on two spatial optical modes, lay the foundations for quantum metrology. Instead of exploring quantum entanglement in the two-mode interferometers, a single bosonic mode also…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 W. Wang , Y. Wu , Y. Ma , W. Cai , L. Hu , X. Mu , Y. Xu , Zi-Jie Chen , H. Wang , Y. P. Song , H. Yuan , C. -L. Zou , L. -M. Duan , L. Sun

Cubic phase states provide the essential non-Gaussian resource for continuous-variable quantum computing. We show that they also offer significant potential for quantum metrology, surpassing the phase-sensing sensitivity of all Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Jiajie Guo , Shuheng Liu , Boxuan Jing , Qiongyi He , Manuel Gessner

Measurements approaching the ultimate quantum limits of sensitivity are central in quantum information processing, quantum metrology, and communication. Quantum measurements to discriminate multiple states at the single-photon level are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-02 A. R. Ferdinand , M. T. DiMario , F. E. Becerra

The quantum Fisher information (QFI) bounds the sensitivity of a quantum measurement, heralding the conditions for quantum advantages when compared with classical strategies. Here, we calculate analytical expressions for the QFI of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-05 Jasper Kranias , Guillaume Thekkadath , Khabat Heshami , Aaron Z. Goldberg

Quantum metrology promises precision beyond classical limits but environmental noise, unless properly controlled, reduces the quantum advantage to at most a constant improvement. A key challenge is therefore to design quantum control…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Wojciech Gorecki , Christiane P. Koch

The impact of measurement imperfections on quantum metrology protocols has not been approached in a systematic manner so far. In this work, we tackle this issue by generalising firstly the notion of quantum Fisher information to account for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Yink Loong Len , Tuvia Gefen , Alex Retzker , Jan Kołodyński

Quantum correlations can be harnessed to improve the precision in parameter estimation beyond classical capabilities. Under a standard interferometric or rotation protocol, it is well established that the optimal single-mode Gaussian state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Rubén Gordillo-Hachuel , Erik Torrontegui , Cristina de Dios , Ricardo Puebla

Quantum computing and quantum sensing represent two distinct frontiers of quantum information science. In this work, we harness quantum computing to solve a fundamental and practically important sensing problem: the detection of weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Richard R. Allen , Francisco Machado , Isaac L. Chuang , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Soonwon Choi

Armed with quantum correlations, quantum sensors in a network have shown the potential to outclass their classical counterparts in distributed sensing tasks such as clock synchronization and reference frame alignment. On the other hand,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Yuxiang Yang , Benjamin Yadin , Zhen-Peng Xu

This paper studies quantum limits to dynamical sensors in the presence of decoherence. A modified purification approach is used to obtain tighter quantum detection and estimation error bounds for optical phase sensing and optomechanical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-07-04 Mankei Tsang

Adopting quantum resources for parameter estimation discloses the possibility to realize quantum sensors operating at a sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. Such approach promises to reach the fundamental Heisenberg scaling as a…

The quantum properties of matter and radiation can be leveraged to surpass classical limits of sensing and detection. Quantum optics does so by creating and measuring nonclassical light. However, better performance requires higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Cruz I. Velasco , F. Javier García de Abajo