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Dynamic excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) balance is a paradigmatic mechanism invoked to explain the irregular low firing activity observed in the cortex. However, we will show that the E-I balance can be at the origin of other regimes observable…
Cluster synchronization is of great importance for the normal functioning of numerous technological and natural systems. Deviations from normal cluster synchronization patterns are closely associated with various malfunctions, such as…
Neuronal networks are controlled by a combination of the dynamics of individual neurons and the connectivity of the network that links them together. We study a minimal model of the preBotzinger complex, a small neuronal network that…
This paper presents an innovative methodology for improving the robustness and computational efficiency of Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), a critical component in neuromorphic computing. The proposed approach integrates astrocytes, a type…
We report experimental studies of synchronization phenomena in a pair of biological neurons that interact through naturally occurring, electrical coupling. When these neurons generate irregular bursts of spikes, the natural coupling…
In this note, we present a hypothesis for the emergence of the phenomenon of sleep in organisms with sufficiently developed central nervous systems. We argue that sleep emerges because individual neurons must periodically enter a resting…
Synchrony patterns describe network states in which nodes of a coupled dynamical system are grouped into clusters based on synchronization between nodes. Beyond simple synchrony, synchronized clusters may also exhibit active or inactive…
Learning requires the traversal of inherently distinct cognitive states to produce behavioral adaptation. Yet, tools to explicitly measure these states with non-invasive imaging -- and to assess their dynamics during learning -- remain…
Dynamical systems on networks with adaptive couplings appear naturally in real-world systems such as power grid networks, social networks as well as neuronal networks. We investigate a paradigmatic system of adaptively coupled phase…
Strong inhibitory input to neurons, which occurs in balanced states of neural networks, increases synaptic current fluctuations. This has led to the assumption that inhibition contributes to the high spike-firing irregularity observed in…
The collective dynamics of neural populations are often characterized in terms of correlations in the spike activity of different neurons. Open questions surround the basic nature of these correlations. In particular, what leads to…
Diverse cognitive processes set different demands on locally segregated and globally integrated brain activity. However, it remains unclear how resting brains configure their functional organization to balance the demands on network…
Flexible modulation of temporal dynamics in neural sequences underlies many cognitive processes. For instance, we can adaptively change the speed of motor sequences and speech. While such flexibility is influenced by various factors such as…
Designing stable cluster synchronization patterns is a fundamental challenge in nonlinear dynamics of networks with great relevance to understanding neuronal and brain dynamics. So far, cluster synchronization has been studied exclusively…
We review some recent work on the synchronization of coupled dynamical systems on a variety of networks. When nodes show synchronized behaviour, two interesting phenomena can be observed. First, there are some nodes of the floating type…
When brain signals are recorded in an electroencephalogram or some similar large-scale record of brain activity, oscillatory patterns are typically observed that are thought to reflect the aggregate electrical activity of the underlying…
The proper functioning of multicellular organisms requires the robust establishment of precise proportions between distinct cell-types. This developmental differentiation process typically involves intracellular regulatory and stochastic…
Experimental results often do not assess network structure; rather, the network structure is inferred by the dynamics of the nodes. From the dynamics of the nodes one then constructs a network of functional relations, termed the functional…
Mode-locked lasers play the role of the ideal testbeds for studying self-coherent structures, dissipative solitons, with stable spatiotemporal profiles supported by the balance between dispersion and nonlinearity. However, under some…
Cluster synchronization underlies various functions in the brain. Abnormal patterns of cluster synchronization are often associated with neurological disorders. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical technique used to treat several…