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We introduce a new paradigm for generative modeling built on Continuous Normalizing Flows (CNFs), allowing us to train CNFs at unprecedented scale. Specifically, we present the notion of Flow Matching (FM), a simulation-free approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Yaron Lipman , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Heli Ben-Hamu , Maximilian Nickel , Matt Le

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard technique for post-training diffusion-based image synthesis models, as it enables learning from reward signals to explicitly improve desirable aspects such as image quality and prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David McAllister , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Janne Hellsten , Angjoo Kanazawa , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

Flow-based generative models have recently shown impressive performance for conditional generation tasks, such as text-to-image generation. However, current methods transform a general unimodal noise distribution to a specific mode of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Noam Issachar , Mohammad Salama , Raanan Fattal , Sagie Benaim

Deep learning systems are prone to catastrophic forgetting when learning from a sequence of tasks, as old data from previous tasks is unavailable when learning a new task. To address this, some methods propose replaying data from previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Chenyang Wang , Junjun Jiang , Xingyu Hu , Xianming Liu , Xiangyang Ji

Devising indicative evaluation metrics for the image generation task remains an open problem. The most widely used metric for measuring the similarity between real and generated images has been the Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID) score.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Seong Joon Oh , Youngjung Uh , Yunjey Choi , Jaejun Yoo

In the classification of a class imbalance dataset, the performance measure used for the model selection and comparison to competing methods is a major issue. In order to overcome this problem several performance measures are defined and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Robert Burduk

Diffusion models are powerful generative models that achieve state-of-the-art performance in image synthesis. However, training them demands substantial amounts of data and computational resources. Continual learning would allow for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Sergi Masip , Pau Rodriguez , Tinne Tuytelaars , Gido M. van de Ven

An effective reward model plays a pivotal role in reinforcement learning for post-training enhancement of visual generative models. However, current approaches of reward modeling suffer from implementation complexity due to their reliance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Runtao Liu , Jiahao Zhan , Yingqing He , Chen Wei , Alan Yuille , Qifeng Chen

Fairness is a crucial concern for generative models, which not only reflect but can also amplify societal and cultural biases. Existing fairness notions for generative models are largely adapted from classification and focus on balancing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Alexandre Verine , Rafael Pinot , Florian Le Bronnec

We study dropout regularization in continuous-time models through the lens of random-batch methods -- a family of stochastic sampling schemes originally devised to reduce the computational cost of interacting particle systems. We construct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Antonio Álvarez-López , Martín Hernández

Data heterogeneity hinders clinical deployment of medical image analysis models, and generative data augmentation helps mitigate this issue. However, recent diffusion-based methods that synthesize image-mask pairs often ignore distribution…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Jie Yang , Ziqi Ye , Aihua Ke , Jian Luo , Bo Cai , Xiaosong Wang

Flow models have rapidly become the go-to method for training and deploying large-scale generators, owing their success to inference-time flexibility via adjustable integration steps. A crucial ingredient in flow training is the choice of…

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a predominant technique to align language models (LMs) with human preferences or promote outputs which are deemed to be desirable by a given reward function. Standard RL approaches optimize average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Stephen Zhao , Aidan Li , Rob Brekelmans , Roger Grosse

We propose a new class of generative models that naturally handle data of varying dimensionality by jointly modeling the state and dimension of each datapoint. The generative process is formulated as a jump diffusion process that makes…

Taming diffusion models for generative segmentation has attracted increasing attention. While existing approaches primarily focus on architectural tweaks or training heuristics, there remains a limited understanding of the intrinsic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Chaoyang Wang , Yaobo Liang , Boci Peng , Fan Duan , Jingdong Wang , Yunhai Tong

Deep neural networks achieve unprecedented performance levels over many tasks and scale well with large quantities of data, but performance in the low-data regime and tasks like one shot learning still lags behind. While recent work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Akshay Mehrotra , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Recently, anomaly scores have been formulated using reconstruction loss of the adversarially learned generators and/or classification loss of discriminators. Unavailability of anomaly examples in the training data makes optimization of such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer , Jin Ha Lee , Arif Mahmood , Marcella Astrid , Seung-Ik Lee

Implicit generative models have the capability to learn arbitrary complex data distributions. On the downside, training requires telling apart real data from artificially-generated ones using adversarial discriminators, leading to unstable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 José Manuel de Frutos , Pablo M. Olmos , Manuel A. Vázquez , Joaquín Míguez

People speak at different levels of specificity in different situations. Depending on their knowledge, interlocutors, mood, etc.} A conversational agent should have this ability and know when to be specific and when to be general. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-23 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Dan Jurafsky

Increasing diversity in language models is a challenging yet essential objective. A common approach is to raise the decoding temperature. In this work, we investigate this approach through a simplistic yet common case to provide insights…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Alexandre Verine , Florian Le Bronnec , Kunhao Zheng , Alexandre Allauzen , Yann Chevaleyre , Benjamin Negrevergne