Related papers: Measure-theoretic approach to negative probabiliti…
While a positive operator valued measure gives the probabilities in a quantum measurement, an instrument gives both the probabilities and the a posteriori states. By interpreting the instrument as a quantum channel and by using the…
Resource theories constitute a powerful theoretical framework and a tool that captures, in an abstract structure, pragmatic aspects of the most varied theories and processes. For physical theories, while this framework deals directly with…
We analyze the notion that physical theories are quantitative and testable by observations in experiments. This leads us to propose a new, Bayesian, interpretation of probabilities in physics that unifies their current use in classical…
Randomness is a valuable resource in science, cryptography, engineering, and information technology. Quantum-mechanical sources of randomness are attractive because of the indeterminism of individual quantum processes. Here we consider the…
We describe a cohomological framework for measurement based quantum computation, in which symmetry plays a central role. Therein, the essential information about the computational output is contained in topological invariants, namely…
Negative probabilities have long been discussed in connection with the foundations of quantum mechanics. We have recently shown that, if signed measures are allowed on the hidden variables, the class of probability models which can be…
The question whether quantum measurements reflect some underlying objective reality has no generally accepted answer. We show that description of such reality is possible under natural conditions such as linearity and causality, although in…
Quantum measurements are noncontextual, with outcomes independent of which other commuting observables are measured at the same time, when consistently analyzed using principles of Hilbert space quantum mechanics rather than classical…
Decision making often exhibits context dependence that challenges classical probability theory. While quantum cognition has successfully modeled such phenomena, it remains unclear whether quantum probability is merely a convenient…
Quantum trajectories are Markov chains modeling quantum systems subjected to repeated indirect measurements. Their stationary regime depends on what observables are measured on the probes used to indirectly measure the system. In this…
Measurement uncertainty is an important topic in the undergraduate laboratory curriculum. Previous research on student thinking about experimental measurement uncertainty has focused primarily on introductory-level students' procedural…
We develop a new formalism for constructing probabilities associated to the causal ordering of events in quantum theory, where by an event we mean the emergence of a measurement record on a detector. We start with constructing probabilities…
In addition to the important role of contextuality in foundations of quantum theory, this intrinsically quantum property has been identified as a potential resource for quantum advantage in different tasks. It is thus of fundamental…
To begin with, it is pointed out that the form of the quantum probabil- ity formula originates in the very initial state of the object system as seen when the state is expanded with the eigen-projectors of the measured ob- servable. Making…
We demonstrate in this paper that the probabilities for sequential measurements have features very different from those of single-time measurements. First, they cannot be modelled by a classical stochastic process. Second, they are…
Motivated by real-world situations found in high energy particle physics, we consider a generalisation of the likelihood-ratio estimation task to a quasiprobabilistic setting where probability densities can be negative. By extension, this…
Quantum correlations are contextual yet, in general, nothing prevents the existence of even more contextual correlations. We identify and test a noncontextuality inequality in which the quantum violation cannot be improved by any…
Quantum metrology based on quantum entanglement and quantum coherence improves the accuracy of measurement. In this paper, we briefly review the schemes of quantum metrology in various complex systems, including non-Markovian noise,…
We describe a joint cohomological framework for measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) and the corresponding contextuality proofs. The central object in this framework is an element in the second cohomology group of the chain complex…
This paper is an in depth implementation of the proposal that the quantum measurement issue can be resolved by carefully looking at top-down contextual effects within realistic measurement contexts. The specific setup of the measurement…