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We prove that the standard gradient flow in parameter space that underlies many training algorithms in deep learning can be continuously deformed into an adapted gradient flow which yields (constrained) Euclidean gradient flow in output…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Thomas Chen , Patrícia Muñoz Ewald

We build a new class of generative algorithms capable of efficiently learning an arbitrary target distribution from possibly scarce, high-dimensional data and subsequently generate new samples. These generative algorithms are particle-based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-29 Hyemin Gu , Panagiota Birmpa , Yannis Pantazis , Luc Rey-Bellet , Markos A. Katsoulakis

While the manifold hypothesis is widely adopted in modern machine learning, complex data is often better modeled as stratified spaces -- unions of manifolds (strata) of varying dimensions. Stratified learning is challenging due to varying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Randy Martinez , Rong Tang , Lizhen Lin

In this paper we bring together some of the key ideas and methods of two disparate fields of mathematical research, frame theory and optimal transport, using the methods of the second to answer questions posed in the first. In particular,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Clare Wickman , Kasso Okoudjou

Sampling conditional distributions is a fundamental task for Bayesian inference and density estimation. Generative models, such as normalizing flows and generative adversarial networks, characterize conditional distributions by learning a…

Generative models have gained popularity for their potential applications in imaging science, such as image reconstruction, posterior sampling and data sharing. Flow-based generative models are particularly attractive due to their ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Varun A. Kelkar , Rucha Deshpande , Arindam Banerjee , Mark A. Anastasio

Sampling from unnormalized densities is analogous to the generative modeling problem, but the target distribution is defined by a known energy function instead of data samples. Because evaluating the energy function is often costly, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Aaron Havens , Brian Karrer , Neta Shaul

Assignment flows denote a class of dynamical models for contextual data labeling (classification) on graphs. We derive a novel parametrization of assignment flows that reveals how the underlying information geometry induces two processes…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Fabrizio Savarino , Christoph Schnörr

In Bayesian structure learning, we are interested in inferring a distribution over the directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure of Bayesian networks, from data. Defining such a distribution is very challenging, due to the combinatorially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Tristan Deleu , António Góis , Chris Emezue , Mansi Rankawat , Simon Lacoste-Julien , Stefan Bauer , Yoshua Bengio

Building on the remarkable achievements in generative sampling of natural images, we propose an innovative challenge, potentially overly ambitious, which involves generating samples of entire multivariate time series that resemble images.…

A common objective in the analysis of tabular data is estimating the conditional distribution (in contrast to only producing predictions) of a set of "outcome" variables given a set of "covariates", which is sometimes referred to as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-08 Zhuoqun Wang , Naoki Awaya , Li Ma

In this paper, we propose a novel numerical scheme to optimize the gradient flows for learning energy-based models (EBMs). From a perspective of physical simulation, we redefine the problem of approximating the gradient flow utilizing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Yang Wu , Pengxu Wei , Liang Lin

Flow models are a cornerstone of modern machine learning. They are generative models that progressively transform probability distributions according to learned dynamics. Specifically, they learn a continuous-time Markov process that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 David Layden , Ryan Sweke , Vojtěch Havlíček , Anirban Chowdhury , Kirill Neklyudov

The unsupervised task of aligning two or more distributions in a shared latent space has many applications including fair representations, batch effect mitigation, and unsupervised domain adaptation. Existing flow-based approaches estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Zeyu Zhou , Ziyu Gong , Pradeep Ravikumar , David I. Inouye

This paper introduces assignment flows for density matrices as state spaces for representing and analyzing data associated with vertices of an underlying weighted graph. Determining an assignment flow by geometric integration of the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-11-09 Jonathan Schwarz , Jonas Cassel , Bastian Boll , Martin Gärttner , Peter Albers , Christoph Schnörr

Discrete flow-based models are a recently proposed class of generative models that learn invertible transformations for discrete random variables. Since they do not require data dequantization and maximize an exact likelihood objective,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Alexandra Lindt , Emiel Hoogeboom

We introduce manifold-learning flows (M-flows), a new class of generative models that simultaneously learn the data manifold as well as a tractable probability density on that manifold. Combining aspects of normalizing flows, GANs,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-16 Johann Brehmer , Kyle Cranmer

Flow matching has recently emerged as a promising alternative to diffusion-based generative models, particularly for text-to-image generation. Despite its flexibility in allowing arbitrary source distributions, most existing approaches rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Junwan Kim , Jiho Park , Seonghu Jeon , Seungryong Kim

Building LiDAR generative models holds promise as powerful data priors for restoration, scene manipulation, and scalable simulation in autonomous mobile robots. In recent years, approaches using diffusion models have emerged, significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Kazuto Nakashima , Xiaowen Liu , Tomoya Miyawaki , Yumi Iwashita , Ryo Kurazume

A prominent goal of representation learning research is to achieve representations which are factorized in a useful manner with respect to the ground truth factors of variation. The fields of disentangled and equivariant representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Yue Song , T. Anderson Keller , Nicu Sebe , Max Welling