English
Related papers

Related papers: Transformers Meet Directed Graphs

200 papers

Transformers, adapted from natural language processing, are emerging as a leading approach for graph representation learning. Contemporary graph transformers often treat nodes or edges as separate tokens. This approach leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Zihan Pengmei , Zimu Li , Chih-chan Tien , Risi Kondor , Aaron R. Dinner

We present a generalization of Transformers to any-order permutation invariant data (sets, graphs, and hypergraphs). We begin by observing that Transformers generalize DeepSets, or first-order (set-input) permutation invariant MLPs. Then,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Jinwoo Kim , Saeyoon Oh , Seunghoon Hong

Transformers serve as the backbone architectures of Foundational Models, where domain-specific tokenizers allow them to adapt to various domains. Graph Transformers (GTs) have recently emerged as leading models in geometric deep learning,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Limei Wang , Kaveh Hassani , Si Zhang , Dongqi Fu , Baichuan Yuan , Weilin Cong , Zhigang Hua , Hao Wu , Ning Yao , Bo Long

Real-world graphs naturally exhibit hierarchical or cyclical structures that are unfit for the typical Euclidean space. While there exist graph neural networks that leverage hyperbolic or spherical spaces to learn representations that embed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Sungjun Cho , Seunghyuk Cho , Sungwoo Park , Hankook Lee , Honglak Lee , Moontae Lee

We propose a novel approach for learning node representations in directed graphs, which maintains separate views or embedding spaces for the two distinct node roles induced by the directionality of the edges. We argue that the previous…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Megha Khosla , Jurek Leonhardt , Wolfgang Nejdl , Avishek Anand

In this paper we consider the problem of graph-based transductive classification, and we are particularly interested in the directed graph scenario which is a natural form for many real world applications. Different from existing research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-03-19 Jaydeep De , Xiaowei Zhang , Li Cheng

Graph Transformers have emerged as a powerful alternative to Message-Passing Graph Neural Networks (MP-GNNs) to address limitations such as over-squashing of information exchange. However, incorporating graph inductive bias into transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Zihan Pengmei , Zimu Li

Transformer models are permutation equivariant. To supply the order and type information of the input tokens, position and segment embeddings are usually added to the input. Recent works proposed variations of positional encodings with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Pu-Chin Chen , Henry Tsai , Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Hyung Won Chung , Yin-Wen Chang , Chun-Sung Ferng

Generating a readable summary that describes the functionality of a program is known as source code summarization. In this task, learning code representation by modeling the pairwise relationship between code tokens to capture their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Saikat Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray , Kai-Wei Chang

This paper considers the problem of embedding directed graphs in Euclidean space while retaining directional information. We model a directed graph as a finite set of observations from a diffusion on a manifold endowed with a vector field.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-06-03 Dominique Perrault-Joncas , Marina Meila

Despite decades of research, understanding human manipulation activities is, and has always been, one of the most attractive and challenging research topics in computer vision and robotics. Recognition and prediction of observed human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Gamze Akyol , Sanem Sariel , Eren Erdal Aksoy

This paper provides a framework to evaluate the performance of single and double integrator networks over arbitrary directed graphs. Adopting vehicular network terminology, we consider quadratic performance metrics defined by the L2-norm of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 H. Giray Oral , Enrique Mallada , Dennice F. Gayme

In decoder-only (causal) transformers, the computation graph created by causal masking routes information through both direct-path attention and indirect paths formed by intermediate tokens. We denote these indirect paths between token…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hunjae Lee , Corey Clark

Learning to compute, the ability to model the functional behavior of a circuit graph, is a fundamental challenge for graph representation learning. Yet, the dominant paradigm is architecturally mismatched for this task. This flawed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Ziyang Zheng , Jiaying Zhu , Jingyi Zhou , Qiang Xu

Transformer based language models exhibit intelligent behaviors such as understanding natural language, recognizing patterns, acquiring knowledge, reasoning, planning, reflecting and using tools. This paper explores how their underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Sumeet S. Singh

The Laplacian matrix and its pseudo-inverse for a strongly connected directed graph is fundamental in computing many properties of a directed graph. Examples include random-walk centrality and betweenness measures, average hitting and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-16 Daniel Boley

Transformers have become a central architecture for graph learning, but their application to graphs requires first choosing a tokenization: a graph-to-token map that determines which structural information is exposed at the input. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Maya Bechler-Speicher , Gilad Yehudai , Gil Harari , Clayton Sanford , Amir Globerson , Joan Bruna

Convolution Neural Networks on Graphs are important generalization and extension of classical CNNs. While previous works generally assumed that the graph structures of samples are regular with unified dimensions, in many applications, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Ruoyu Li , Junzhou Huang

The analysis of signals defined over a graph is relevant in many applications, such as social and economic networks, big data or biological networks, and so on. A key tool for analyzing these signals is the so called Graph Fourier Transform…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-11 Stefania Sardellitti , Sergio Barbarossa , Paolo Di Lorenzo

Graph Transformer has demonstrated impressive capabilities in the field of graph representation learning. However, existing approaches face two critical challenges: (1) most models suffer from exponentially increasing computational…