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Dimension reduction algorithms are a crucial part of many data science pipelines, including data exploration, feature creation and selection, and denoising. Despite their wide utilization, many non-linear dimension reduction algorithms are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-06 Ryan Murray , Adam Pickarski

The size of large, geo-located datasets has reached scales where visualization of all data points is inefficient. Random sampling is a method to reduce the size of a dataset, yet it can introduce unwanted errors. We describe a method for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-14 Yan Zheng , Yi Ou , Alexander Lex , Jeff M. Phillips

Dimensionality Reduction (DR) is widely used for visualizing high-dimensional data, often with the goal of revealing expected cluster structure. However, such a structure may not always appear in the projections. Existing DR quality metrics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Diede P. M. van der Hoorn , Alessio Arleo , Fernando V. Paulovich

Dimensionality reduction and manifold learning methods such as t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) are routinely used to map high-dimensional data into a 2-dimensional space to visualize and explore the data. However, two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Bo Kang , Darío García García , Jefrey Lijffijt , Raúl Santos-Rodríguez , Tijl De Bie

We present Low Distortion Local Eigenmaps (LDLE), a manifold learning technique which constructs a set of low distortion local views of a dataset in lower dimension and registers them to obtain a global embedding. The local views are…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Dhruv Kohli , Alexander Cloninger , Gal Mishne

Clustering high-dimensional datasets is hard because interpoint distances become less informative in high-dimensional spaces. We present a clustering algorithm that performs nonlinear dimensionality reduction and clustering jointly. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

The quality of GAN-generated images on the MNIST dataset was explored in this paper by comparing them to the original images using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t- SNE) visualization. A GAN was trained with the dataset to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Okan Düzyel

Hierarchical clustering is an effective, interpretable method for analyzing structure in data. It reveals insights at multiple scales without requiring a predefined number of clusters and captures nested patterns and subtle relationships,…

We provide a rigorous mathematical treatment to the crowding issue in data visualization when high dimensional data sets are projected down to low dimensions for visualization. By properly adjusting the capacity of high dimensional balls,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Rongrong Wang , Xiaopeng Zhang

Dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques help analysts to understand patterns in high-dimensional spaces. These techniques, often represented by scatter plots, are employed in diverse science domains and facilitate similarity analysis among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Wilson E. Marcílio-Jr , Danilo M. Eler , Fernando V. Paulovich , Rafael M. Martins

For crowded scenes, the accuracy of object-based computer vision methods declines when the images are low-resolution and objects have severe occlusions. Taking counting methods for example, almost all the recent state-of-the-art counting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Di Kang , Zheng Ma , Antoni B. Chan

Nonlinear data visualization using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) enables the representation of complex single-cell transcriptomic landscapes in two or three dimensions to depict biological populations accurately.…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-02 Hui Ma , Kai Chen

Local density-based score normalization is an effective component of distance-based embedding methods for anomalous sound detection, particularly when data densities vary across conditions or domains. In practice, however, performance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Kevin Wilkinghoff , Gordon Wichern , Jonathan Le Roux , Zheng-Hua Tan

Current high-resolution imaging techniques require an intact sample that preserves spatial relationships. We here present a novel approach, "puzzle imaging," that allows imaging a spatially scrambled sample. This technique takes many…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-17 Joshua I. Glaser , Bradley M. Zamft , George M. Church , Konrad P. Kording

Due to the intrinsic complexity of high-dimensional (HD) data, dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques cannot preserve all the structural characteristics of the original data. Therefore, DR techniques focus on preserving either local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hyeon Jeon , Kwon Ko , Soohyun Lee , Jake Hyun , Taehyun Yang , Gyehun Go , Jaemin Jo , Jinwook Seo

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction lacks interpretability due to the absence of source features in low-dimensional embedding space. We propose an interpretable method featMAP to preserve source features by tangent space embedding. The core…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yang Yang , Hongjian Sun , Jialei Gong , Di Yu

The goal of dimension reduction tools is to construct a low-dimensional representation of high-dimensional data. These tools are employed for a variety of reasons such as noise reduction, visualization, and to lower computational costs.…

Applications · Statistics 2024-09-20 Justin Lin , Julia Fukuyama

In modern display technology and visualization tools, downscaling images is one of the most important activities. This procedure aims to maintain both visual authenticity and structural integrity while reducing the dimensions of an image at…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-29 Suvrojit Mitra , G B Kevin Arjun , Sanjay Ghosh

High-density object counting in surveillance scenes is challenging mainly due to the drastic variation of object scales. The prevalence of deep learning has largely boosted the object counting accuracy on several benchmark datasets.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Muming Zhao , Jian Zhang , Chongyang Zhang , Wenjun Zhang

The task of dimensionality reduction and visualization of high-dimensional datasets remains a challenging problem since long. Modern high-throughput technologies produce newer high-dimensional datasets having multiple views with relatively…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Chayan Maitra , Dibyendu B. Seal , Rajat K. De