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The recent theory of graph limits gives a powerful framework for understanding the properties of suitable (convergent) sequences $(G_n)$ of graphs in terms of a limiting object which may be represented by a symmetric function $W$ on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-21 Bela Bollobas , Svante Janson , Oliver Riordan

We prove that for any weakly convergent sequence of finite graphs with bounded vertex degrees, there exists a topological limit graphing.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gabor Elek

Half graphs and their variants, such as ladders, semi-ladders and co-matchings, are combinatorial objects that encode total orders in graphs. Works by Adler and Adler (Eur. J. Comb.; 2014) and Fabia\'nski et al. (STACS; 2019) prove that in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-11 Marek Sokołowski

As explained in detail in the prologue to this manuscript, boundedness of weak solutions for general classes of elliptic equations in divergence form is a classic tool for achieving higher regularity. We propose here some global boundedness…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Giovanni Cupini , Paolo Marcellini

A systematic study is made, for an arbitrary finite relational language with at least one symbol of arity at least 2, of classes of nonrigid finite structures. The well known results that almost all finite structures are rigid and that the…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-01-28 Ove Ahlman , Vera Koponen

This paper develops new limit theory for data that are generated by networks or more generally display cross-sectional dependence structures that are governed by observable and unobservable characteristics. Strategic network formation…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Guido M. Kuersteiner

We present a framework to define a large class of neural networks for which, by construction, training by gradient flow provably reaches arbitrarily low loss when the number of parameters grows. Distinct from the fixed-space global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-13 David A. R. Robin , Kevin Scaman , Marc Lelarge

We study the refutation complexity of graph isomorphism in the tree-like resolution calculus. Tor\'an and W\"orz (TOCL 2023) showed that there is a resolution refutation of narrow width $k$ for two graphs if and only if they can be…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Christoph Berkholz , Moritz Lichter , Harry Vinall-Smeeth

Motivated by the theory of graph limits, we introduce and study the convergence and limits of linear representations of finite groups over finite fields. The limit objects are infinite dimensional representations of free groups in…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-11-20 Gabor Elek

This paper develops limit theorems for random variables with network dependence, without requiring the individuals in the network to be located in a Euclidean or metric space. This distinguishes our approach from most existing limit…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-20 Wen Jiang , Yachen Wang , Zeqi Wu , Xingbai Xu

Two major milestones on the road to the full complexity dichotomy for finite-domain constraint satisfaction problems were Bulatov's proof of the dichotomy for conservative templates, and the structural dichotomy for smooth digraphs of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Johanna Brunar , Marcin Kozik , Tomáš Nagy , Michael Pinsker

We generalize ultraproducts and local-global limits of graphs to hypergraphs and other structures. We show that the local statistics of an ultraproduct of a sequence of hypergraphs are the ultralimits of the local statistics of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Riley Thornton

Proximity gaps and correlated agreement have become central tools in the analysis of interactive oracle proofs of proximity (IOPPs) and code-based SNARKs. Informally, a proximity-gap statement says that for a structured set of words -- such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Chen Yuan , Ruiqi Zhu

We present a definition of the class NP in combinatorial context as the set of languages of structures defined by finitely many forbidden lifted substructures. We apply this to special syntactically defined subclasses and show how they…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Gabor Kun , Jaroslav Nesetril

Finding paths in graphs is a fundamental graph-theoretic task. In this work, we we are concerned with finding a path with some constraints on its length and the number of vertices neighboring the path, that is, being outside of and incident…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Max-Jonathan Luckow , Till Fluschnik

Elek and Lippner (2010) showed that the convergence of a sequence of bounded-degree graphs implies the existence of a limit for the proportion of vertices covered by a maximum matching. We provide a characterization of the limiting…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Charles Bordenave , Marc Lelarge , Justin Salez

It is well-known that in finite graphs, large complete minors/topological minors can be forced by assuming a large average degree. Our aim is to extend this fact to infinite graphs. For this, we generalise the notion of the relative end…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-03 Maya Stein , José Zamora

A (finite or infinite) graph is called constructible if it may be obtained recursively from the one-point graph by repeatedly adding dominated vertices. In the finite case, the constructible graphs are precisely the cop-win graphs, but for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Maria-Romina Ivan , Imre Leader , Mark Walters

In this paper we present a novel approach to graph (and structural) limits based on model theory and analysis. The role of Stone and Gelfand dualities is displayed prominently and leads to a general theory, which we believe is naturally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona de Mendez

The problem of reconstructing a sequence of independent and identically distributed symbols from a set of equal size, consecutive, fragments, as well as a dependent reference sequence, is considered. First, in the regime in which the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Nir Weinberger , Ilan Shomorony