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Large language model (LLM) generation often requires balancing output quality against inference cost, especially when using multiple generations. We introduce a new framework for inference-time optimization based on the classical Pandora's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yusuf Kalayci , Vinod Raman , Shaddin Dughmi

We introduce the dependent doors problem as an abstraction for situations in which one must perform a sequence of possibly dependent decisions, without receiving feedback information on the effectiveness of previously made actions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-21 Amos Korman , Yoav Rodeh

We study a natural application of contract design in the context of sequential exploration problems. In our principal-agent setting, a search task is delegated to an agent. The agent performs a sequential exploration of $n$ boxes, suffers…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Martin Hoefer , Conrad Schecker , Kevin Schewior

Bayesian optimization is a technique for efficiently optimizing unknown functions in a black-box manner. To handle practical settings where gathering data requires use of finite resources, it is desirable to explicitly incorporate function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Qian Xie , Raul Astudillo , Peter I. Frazier , Ziv Scully , Alexander Terenin

We consider search problems with nonobligatory inspection and single-item or combinatorial selection. A decision maker is presented with a number of items, each of which contains an unknown price, and can pay an inspection cost to observe…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Ziv Scully , Laura Doval

Motivated by stochastic optimization, we introduce the problem of learning from samples of contextual value distributions. A contextual value distribution can be understood as a family of real-valued distributions, where each sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Anna Heuser , Thomas Kesselheim

We consider an optimal stopping problem with n correlated offers where the goal is to design a (randomized) stopping strategy that maximizes the expected value of the offer in the sequence at which we stop. Instead of assuming to know the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Pieter Kleer , Daan Noordenbos

We consider a class of optimization problems over stochastic variables where the algorithm can learn information about the value of any variable through a series of costly steps; we model this information acquisition process as a Markov…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Shuchi Chawla , Dimitris Christou , Amit Harlev , Ziv Scully

In delegation problems, a principal does not have the resources necessary to complete a particular task, so they delegate the task to an untrusted agent whose interests may differ from their own. Given any family of such problems and space…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Curtis Bechtel , Shaddin Dughmi , Neel Patel

Correlation clustering is a central problem in unsupervised learning, with applications spanning community detection, duplicate detection, automated labelling and many more. In the correlation clustering problem one receives as input a set…

We propose an efficient method of finding an optimal solution for a multi-item continuous review inventory model in which a bivariate Gaussian probability distribution represents a correlation between the demands of different items. By…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-01-20 Chang-Yong Lee , Dongju Lee

A decisionmaker faces $n$ alternatives, each of which represents a potential reward. After investing costly resources into investigating the alternatives, the decisionmaker may select one, or more generally a feasible subset, and obtain the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Robin Bowers , Elias Lindgren , Bo Waggoner

We consider a decision network on an undirected graph in which each node corresponds to a decision variable, and each node and edge of the graph is associated with a reward function whose value depends only on the variables of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-12-03 David Gamarnik , David Goldberg , Theophane Weber

We initiate the study of the prophet inequality problem through the resource augmentation framework in scenarios when the values of the rewards are correlated. Our goal is to determine the number of additional rewards an online algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Tomer Ezra , Tamar Garbuz

In this paper, we introduce a family of sequential decision-making problems, collectively termed the Keychain Problem, that involve exploring a set of actions to maximize expected payoff when only a subset of actions are available in each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Ramiro N. Deo-Campo Vuong , Robert Kleinberg , Aditya Prasad , Eric Xiao , Haifeng Xu

We study the problem of distributed mean estimation and optimization under communication constraints. We propose a correlated quantization protocol whose leading term in the error guarantee depends on the mean deviation of data points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Ananda Theertha Suresh , Ziteng Sun , Jae Hun Ro , Felix Yu

We study the problem of computing maximin share guarantees, a recently introduced fairness notion. Given a set of $n$ agents and a set of goods, the maximin share of a single agent is the best that she can guarantee to herself, if she would…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Georgios Amanatidis , Evangelos Markakis , Afshin Nikzad , Amin Saberi

We develop an algorithmic framework to incorporate "ex-ante" constraints on outcomes (that hold only on average) into stateful sequential search with costly inspection. Our framework encompasses the classical Weitzman's Pandora's box…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Mohammad Reza Aminian , Vahideh Manshadi , Rad Niazadeh

We study a fundamental problem in optimization under uncertainty. There are $n$ boxes; each box $i$ contains a hidden reward $x_i$. Rewards are drawn i.i.d. from an unknown distribution $\mathcal{D}$. For each box $i$, we see $y_i$, an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Trung Dang , Aranyak Mehta , Alexandros Psomas , Qian Zhang

This paper studies an open question in the warehouse problem where a merchant trading a commodity tries to find an optimal inventory-trading policy to decide on purchase and sale quantities during a fixed time horizon in order to maximize…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Ishan Bansal , Oktay Günlük