English
Related papers

Related papers: What if planet 9 has satellites?

200 papers

Context: Trans-Neptunian objects are distant bodies that retain valuable information about the origin and evolution of the Solar System. Many of these objects constitute binary systems. Studying binaries allows us to further characterise…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-22 J. M. Gómez-Limón , R. Leiva , J. L. Ortiz , P. Santos-Sanz , M. Kretlow , Y. Kilic , J. L. Rizos , A. Álvarez-Candal , T. G. Müller

We use an extensive suite of numerical simulations to constrain the mass and orbit of Planet Nine, the recently proposed perturber in a distant eccentric orbit in the outer solar system. We compare our simulations to the observed population…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Michael E. Brown , Konstantin Batygin

Motivated by the report of a possible new planetary member of the Solar System, this work calculates cross sections for interactions between passing stars and this proposed Planet Nine. Evidence for the new planet is provided by the orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Gongjie Li , Fred C. Adams

The existence of Planet Nine has been suggested to explain the pericenter clustering of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). However, the underlying dynamics involving Planet Nine, test particles and Neptune is rich, and it remains…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Gongjie Li , Samuel Hadden , Matthew Payne , Matthew J. Holman

Planet 9 was proposed as an explanation for the clustering of orbits for some trans-Neuptunian objects. Recently, the use of a sub-relativistic spacecraft was proposed to indirectly probe Planet 9's gravitational influence. Here we study…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Thiem Hoang , Abraham Loeb

The orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) can indicate the existence of an undiscovered planet in the outer solar system. Here, we used N-body computer simulations to investigate the effects of a hypothetical Kuiper Belt planet (KBP) on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Takashi Ito

Recent studies have revealed that all large (over 1000 km in diameter) trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) form satellite systems. Although the largest Plutonian satellite, Charon, is thought to be an intact fragment of an impactor directly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-27 Sota Arakawa , Ryuki Hyodo , Hidenori Genda

The potential existence of a distant planet ("Planet Nine") in the Solar system has prompted a re-think about the evolution of planetary systems. As the Sun transitions from a main sequence star into a white dwarf, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-07 Dimitri Veras

Looking at the orbits of small bodies with large semimajor axes, we are compelled to see patterns. Some of these patterns are noted as strong indicators of new or hidden processes in the outer Solar System, others are substantially…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 JJ Kavelaars , Samantha M. Lawler , Michele T. Bannister , Cory Shankman

Stellar occultations provide a powerful tool to explore objects of the outer solar system. The Gaia mission now provides milli-arcsec accuracy on the predictions of these events and makes possible observations that were previously…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-11 Bruno Sicardy , Felipe Braga-Ribas , Marc W. Buie , José Luis Ortiz , Françoise Roques

Batygin and Brown (2016) have suggested the existence of a new Solar System planet supposed to be responsible for the perturbation of eccentric orbits of small outer bodies. The main challenge is now to detect and characterize this putative…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-30 Jean Schneider

We evaluate the effects of a distant planet, commonly known as planet 9, on the dynamics of the giant planets of the Solar System. We find that, given the large distance of planet 9, the dynamics of the inner giant planets can be decomposed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-28 Rodney Gomes , Rogerio Deienno , Alessandro Morbidelli

The accumulating, but small, set of large semi-major axis trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) shows an apparent clustering in the orientations of their orbits. This clustering must either be representative of the intrinsic distribution of these…

The observational census of trans-Neptunian objects with semi-major axes greater than ~250 AU exhibits unexpected orbital structure that is most readily attributed to gravitational perturbations induced by a yet-undetected, massive planet.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli

The hypothesis of an additional planet in the outer Solar System has gained new support as a result of the confinement noted in the angular orbital elements of distant trans-Neptunian objects. Orbital parameters proposed for the external…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-26 Jessica Cáceres , Rodney Gomes

The distribution of the orbital elements of the known extreme trans-Neptunian objects or ETNOs has been found to be statistically incompatible with that of an unperturbed asteroid population following heliocentric or, better, barycentric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-23 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos

KELT-9b is an ultra-hot Jupiter observed to be undergoing extreme mass loss. Its A0-type host star has a radiative envelope, which makes its surface layers prone to retaining recently accreted material. To search for potential signs of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Mihkel Kama , Colin P. Folsom , Adam S. Jermyn , Johanna K. Teske

There are hints of a novel object ("Planet 9") with a mass $5-10$ $M_\oplus$ in the outer Solar System, at a distance of order 500 AU. If it is a relatively conventional planet, it can be found in telescopic searches. Alternatively, it has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 Edward Witten

We investigate the physical characteristics of the Solar System's proposed Planet Nine using modeling tools with a heritage in studying Uranus and Neptune. For a range of plausible masses and interior structures, we find upper limits on the…

We use astrometry of Pluto and other TNOs to constrain the sky location, distance, and mass of the possible additional planet (Planet Nine) hypothesized by Batygin and Brown (2016). We find that over broad regions of the sky, the inclusion…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-21 Matthew J. Holman , Matthew J. Payne