English
Related papers

Related papers: MOAT: Towards Safe BPF Kernel Extension

200 papers

We describe verification techniques for embedded memory systems using efficient memory modeling (EMM), without explicitly modeling each memory bit. We extend our previously proposed approach of EMM in Bounded Model Checking (BMC) for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Malay K. Ganai , Aarti Gupta , Pranav Ashar

Many smartphones now deploy conventional operating systems, so the rootkit attacks so prevalent on desktop and server systems are now a threat to smartphones. While researchers have advocated using virtualization to detect and prevent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-10-29 Xinyang Ge , Hayawardh Vijayakumar , Trent Jaeger

Confidential computing safeguards sensitive computations from untrusted clouds, with Confidential Virtual Machines (CVMs) providing a secure environment for guest OS. However, CVMs often come with large and vulnerable operating system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Benshan Mei , Saisai Xia , Wenhao Wang , Dongdai Lin

Modern operating systems provide powerful mandatory access control mechanisms, yet they largely reason about who executes code rather than how execution originates. As a result, processes launched remotely, locally, or by background…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Omer Abdelmajeed Idris Mohammed , Ilhami M. Orak

Pipelined Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus is fundamental to permissioned blockchains. However, many existing protocols are limited by the requirement for view-consecutive quorum certificates (QCs). This constraint impairs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Kaiji Yang , Jingjing Zhang , Junyao Zheng , Qiwen Liu , Weigang Wu , Jieying Zhou

We present the design, implementation, and evaluation of FineIBT: a CFI enforcement mechanism that improves the precision of hardware-assisted CFI solutions, like Intel IBT, by instrumenting program code to reduce the valid/allowed targets…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Alexander J. Gaidis , Joao Moreira , Ke Sun , Alyssa Milburn , Vaggelis Atlidakis , Vasileios P. Kemerlis

This paper evaluates new security threats due to the processor frontend in modern Intel processors. The root causes of the security threats are the multiple paths in the processor frontend that the micro-operations can take: through the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Shuwen Deng , Bowen Huang , Jakub Szefer

Prompt injection threatens novel applications that emerge from adapting LLMs for various user tasks. The newly developed LLM-based software applications become more ubiquitous and diverse. However, the threat of prompt injection attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Valerii Gakh , Hayretdin Bahsi

A large user base relies on software updates provided through package managers. This provides a unique lever for improving the security of the software update process. We propose a transparency system for software updates and implement it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Benjamin Hof , Georg Carle

Processing cores and the accompanying main memory working in tandem enable the modern processors. Dissipating heat produced from computation, memory access remains a significant problem for processors. Therefore, processor thermal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Lokesh Siddhu , Rajesh Kedia , Shailja Pandey , Martin Rapp , Anuj Pathania , Jörg Henkel , Preeti Ranjan Panda

Security is essential for the Internet of Things (IoT). Cryptographic operations for authentication and encryption commonly rely on random input of high entropy and secure, tamper-resistant identities, which are difficult to obtain on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Peter Kietzmann , Thomas C. Schmidt , Matthias Wählisch

Software fault isolation (SFI) is a popular way to sandbox untrusted software. A key component of SFI is the verifier that checks the untrusted code is written in a subset of the machine language that guarantees it never reads or writes…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Matthew Sotoudeh , Zachary Yedidia

We report about the methods used in, and the performance of, the new fast and light-weight linear beam transport program MinT. MinT provides, beyond the usual linear ion optics, methods to compute the effects of beam degradation, multiple…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-07-31 C. Baumgarten

Windows OS is facing a huge rise in kernel attacks. An overview of popular techniques that result in loading kernel drivers will be presented. One of the key targets of modern threats is disabling and blinding Microsoft Defender, a default…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Denis Pogonin , Igor Korkin

Over the past few years, the emergence of backdoor attacks has presented significant challenges to deep learning systems, allowing attackers to insert backdoors into neural networks. When data with a trigger is processed by a backdoor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Haiyang Yu , Tian Xie , Jiaping Gui , Pengyang Wang , Ping Yi , Yue Wu

Atomistic models like tight-binding (TB), bond-order potentials (BOP) and classical potentials describe the interatomic interaction in terms of mathematical functions with parameters that need to be adjusted for a particular material. The…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-07-30 Alvin Noe Ladines , Thomas Hammerschmidt , Ralf Drautz

Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols for dynamically available systems face a critical challenge: balancing latency and security in fluctuating node participation. Existing solutions often require multiple rounds of voting per…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Pengkun Ren , Hai Dong , Zahir Tari , Pengcheng Zhang

The Precision Time Protocol (PTP), standardized as IEEE 1588, provides sub-microsecond synchronization across distributed systems and underpins critical infrastructure in telecommunications, finance, power systems, and industrial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Muhammad Abdullah Soomro , Fatima Muhammad Anwar

Foreign Function Interfaces (FFIs) are essential for enabling interoperability between programming languages, yet existing FFI solutions are ill-suited for the dynamic, interactive workflows prevalent in modern notebook environments such as…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Hebi Li , Forrest Sheng Bao , Qi Xiao , Jin Tian

Hardware supply-chain attacks are raising significant security threats to the boot process of multiprocessor systems. This paper identifies a new, prevalent hardware supply-chain attack surface that can bypass multiprocessor secure boot due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Zhuoruo Zhang , Rui Chang , Mingshuai Chen , Wenbo Shen , Chenyang Yu , He Huang , Qinming Dai , Yongwang Zhao