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ReRAM-based in-memory computing (IMC) architectures are promising candidates for energy-efficient matrix-vector multiplication. While scaling the size of ReRAM arrays allows for the amortization of power-hungry peripheral circuits like DACs…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Ching-Yi Lin , Sahil Shah

This work introduces MICSim, an open-source, pre-circuit simulator designed for early-stage evaluation of chip-level software performance and hardware overhead of mixed-signal compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators. MICSim features a modular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Cong Wang , Zeming Chen , Shanshi Huang

The emerging memristor crossbar array based computing circuits exhibit computing speeds and energy efficiency far surpassing those of traditional digital processors. This type of circuits can complete high-dimensional matrix operations in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-05 Jia-Hui Bi , Shaoshi Yang , Sheng Chen , Ping Zhang

In embedded vision systems, parallel computation of the integral image presents several design challenges in terms of hardware resources, speed and power consumption. Although recursive equations significantly reduce the number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Shoaib Ehsan , Adrian F. Clark , Wah M. Cheung , Arjunsingh M. Bais , Bayar I. Menzat , Nadia Kanwal , Klaus D. McDonald-Maier

While the Karatsuba algorithm reduces the complexity of large integer multiplication, the extra additions required minimize its benefits for smaller integers of more commonly-used bitwidths. In this work, we propose the extension of the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Trevor E. Pogue , Nicola Nicolici

In this paper, we propose a scalable approximate multiplier design, scaleTRIM, that approximates the multiplication operation using fitted linear functions, also referred to as linearization. We show that multiplication operations can be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ebrahim Farahmand , Mohammad Javad Askarizadeh , Ali Mahani , Behnam Ghavami , Hassan Ghasemzadeh , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Muhammad Shafique

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, their dependence on Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) for accumulating partial sums from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Shubham Negi , Utkarsh Saxena , Deepika Sharma , Kaushik Roy

Recently, in-memory analog matrix computing (AMC) with nonvolatile resistive memory has been developed for solving matrix problems in one step, e.g., matrix inversion of solving linear systems. However, the analog nature sets up a barrier…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Lunshuai Pan , Pushen Zuo , Yubiao Luo , Zhong Sun , Ru Huang

Electronic devices primarily aim to offer low power consumption, high speed, and a compact area. The performance of very large-scale integration (VLSI) devices is influenced by arithmetic operations, where multiplication is a crucial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Ali Ranjbar , Elham Esmaeili , Roghayeh Rafieisangari , Nabiollah Shiri

Factorization and multiplication of dense matrices and tensors are critical, yet extremely expensive pieces of the scientific toolbox. Careful use of low rank approximation can drastically reduce the computation and memory requirements of…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Sameer Deshmukh , Rio Yokota , George Bosilca

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a widely used sampling method in modern artificial intelligence and probabilistic computing systems. It involves repetitive random number generations and thus often dominates the latency of probabilistic…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Yihan Fu , Daijing Shi , Anjunyi Fan , Wenshuo Yue , Yuchao Yang , Ru Huang , Bonan Yan

AI chips commonly employ SRAM memory as buffers for their reliability and speed, which contribute to high performance. However, SRAM is expensive and demands significant area and energy consumption. Previous studies have explored replacing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Duy-Thanh Nguyen , Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) technology is one of the most promising candidates for future wireless communication systems as it can offer large underutilized bandwidths and eases the implementation of large antenna arrays which are required to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-01 Nuno Souto , João Silva , João Pavia , Marco Ribeiro

Hybrid precoding is a promising technique for mmWave massive MIMO systems, as it can considerably reduce the number of required radio-frequency (RF) chains without obvious performance loss. However, most of the existing hybrid precoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Xinyu Gao , Linglong Dai , Ying Sun , Shuangfeng Han , I Chih-Lin

We describe a modified SIMD architecture suitable for single-chip integration of a large number of processing elements, such as 1,000 or more. Important differences from traditional SIMD designs are: a) The size of the memory per processing…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Junichiro Makino

Processing-in-Memory (PIM) enhances memory with computational capabilities, potentially solving energy and latency issues associated with data transfer between memory and processors. However, managing concurrent computation and data flow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ahmed Mamdouh , Haoran Geng , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Dayane Reis

A multiplier, as a key component in many different applications, is a time-consuming, energy-intensive computation block. Approximate computing is a practical design paradigm that attempts to improve hardware efficacy while keeping…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Fereshteh Karimi , Reza Faghih Mirzaee , Ali Fakeri-Tabrizi , Arman Roohi

Processing-in-memory (PIM) is a promising computing paradigm to tackle the "memory wall" challenge. However, PIM system-level benefits over traditional von Neumann architecture can be reduced when the memory array cannot fully store all the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Peilin Chen , Xiaoxuan Yang

Generalised matrix-matrix multiplication forms the kernel of many mathematical algorithms. A faster matrix-matrix multiply immediately benefits these algorithms. In this paper we implement efficient matrix multiplication for large matrices…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-12-11 Douglas Aberdeen , Jonathan Baxter

Increasing AI computing demands and slowing transistor scaling have led to the advent of Multi-Chip-Module (MCMs) based accelerators. MCMs enable cost-effective scalability, higher yield, and modular reuse by partitioning large chips into…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ritik Raj , Shengjie Lin , William Won , Tushar Krishna