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Qubits based on ions trapped in linear radio-frequency traps form a successful platform for quantum computing, due to their high fidelity of operations, all-to-all connectivity and degree of local control. In principle there is no…

Despite rapid advances in quantum computing technologies, the qubit connectivity limitation remains to be a critical challenge. Both near-term NISQ quantum computers and relatively long-term scalable quantum architectures do not offer full…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Ji Liu , Peiyi Li , Huiyang Zhou

One of the key challenges in current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers is to control a quantum system with high-fidelity quantum gates. There are many reasons a quantum gate can go wrong -- for superconducting transmon…

Due to low numbers of qubits and their error-proneness, Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers impose constraints on the size of quantum algorithms they can successfully execute. State-of-the-art research introduces various…

The scaling barriers currently faced by both quantum networking and quantum computing technologies ultimately amount to the same core challenge of distributing high-quality entanglement at scale. In this Perspective, a novel quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Stephanie Simmons

Spin qubits in semiconductor structures bring the promise of large-scale 2D integration, with the possibility to incorporate the control electronics on the same chip. In order to perform error correction on this platform, the characteristic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 Bence Hetényi , James R. Wootton

Quantum computing promises significant speed-ups for certain algorithms but the practical use of current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era computers remains limited by resources constraints (e.g., noise, qubits, gates, and circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Tobias Fischbach , Pierre Talbot , Pascal Bouvry

Optically addressable spins are a promising platform for quantum information science due to their combination of a long-lived qubit with a spin-optical interface for external qubit control and read out. The ability to chemically synthesize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-04 S. L. Bayliss , P. Deb , D. W. Laorenza , M. Onizhuk , G. Galli , D. E. Freedman , D. D. Awschalom

Execution of quantum algorithms requires a quantum computer architecture with a dedicated quantum instruction set that is capable of supporting translation of workloads into actual quantum operations acting on the qubits. State-of-the-art…

Quantum computing has made tremendous improvements in both software and hardware that have sparked interest in academia and industry to realize quantum computing applications. To this end, several steps are necessary: The underlying problem…

The emerging paradigm of distributed quantum computing promises a potential solution to scaling quantum computing to currently unfeasible dimensions. While this approach itself is still in its infancy, and many obstacles must still be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Leo Sünkel , Jonas Stein , Maximilian Zorn , Thomas Gabor , Claudia Linnhoff-Popien

NISQ devices have inherent limitations in terms of connectivity and hardware noise. The synthesis of CNOT circuits considers the physical constraints and transforms quantum algorithms into low-level quantum circuits that can execute on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-03 Xinyu Chen , Mingqiang Zhu , Xueyun Cheng , Zhijin Guan , Shiguang Feng , Pengcheng Zhu

We apply quantum control techniques to control a large spin chain by only acting on two qubits at one of its ends, thereby implementing universal quantum computation by a combination of quantum gates on the latter and swap operations across…

Achieving practical quantum advantage on fault-tolerant quantum computers (FTQC) is fundamentally constrained by the substantial spatial and temporal overheads required to map logical operations onto physical hardware. Existing compilation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Dhanvi Bharadwaj , Siddharth Dangwal , Yuewen Hou , Gokul Subramanian Ravi

Executing large quantum circuits is not feasible using the currently available NISQ (noisy intermediate-scale quantum) devices. The high costs of using real quantum devices make it further challenging to research and develop quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Kartikey Sarode , Daniel E. Huang , E. Wes Bethel

Circuit cutting enables large quantum circuits to run on small NISQ devices, but it introduces an exponentially high sampling overhead. Here, we present CutVQA, a co-design framework that integrates circuit cutting with quantum architecture…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Jun Wu , Jicun Li , Jiaqi Yang , Wei Xie , Xiang-Yang Li

Creating a quantum-coherent architecture at the atomic scale has long been an ambition in quantum science and nanotechnology. This ultimate length scale requires the use of fundamental quantum properties of atoms, such as the spin of…

Individual impurity atoms in silicon can make superb individual qubits, but it remains an immense challenge to build a multi-qubit processor: There is a basic conflict between nanometre separation desired for qubit-qubit interactions, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Joe O'Gorman , Naomi H. Nickerson , Philipp Ross , John J. L. Morton , Simon C. Benjamin

The increasing capabilities of quantum computing hardware and the challenge of realizing deep quantum circuits require fully automated and efficient tools for compiling quantum circuits. To express arbitrary circuits in a sequence of native…

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