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The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has emerged as a promising candidate for demonstrating quantum advantage on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. While various QAOA parameterization schemes exist, ranging…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Evan Camilleri , André Xuereb , Tony J. G. Apollaro , Mirko Consiglio

We propose a machine learning based approach to accelerate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) implementation which is a promising quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to prove the so-called quantum supremacy. In QAOA, a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm intending to find the ground state of a target Hamiltonian. Theoretically, QAOA can obtain the approximate solution if the quantum circuit is deep…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Yahui Chai , Yong-Jian Han , Yu-Chun Wu , Ye Li , Menghan Dou , Guo-Ping Guo

Quantum adiabatic optimization (QAO) is performed using a time-dependent Hamiltonian $H(s)$ with spectral gap $\gamma(s)$. Assuming the existence of an oracle $\Gamma$ such that $\gamma_\min = \Theta\left(\min_s\Gamma(s)\right)$, we provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-19 Michael Jarret , Brad Lackey , Aike Liu , Kianna Wan

The recently proposed QAOA-GPT framework demonstrated that generative pre-trained transformers can learn mappings between problem graphs and optimized quantum circuits for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Leanto Sunny , Abhinav Rijal , George Siopsis

We introduce a quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) for continuous optimization. The algorithm is based on the dynamics of a quantum system moving in an energy potential which encodes the objective function. By approximating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-02-04 Guillaume Verdon , Juan Miguel Arrazola , Kamil Brádler , Nathan Killoran

In the present Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ), hybrid algorithms that leverage classical resources to reduce quantum costs are particularly appealing. We formulate and apply such a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to a power…

The design of fast algorithms for combinatorial optimization greatly contributes to a plethora of domains such as logistics, finance, and chemistry. Quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOAs), which utilize the power of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Zeqiao Zhou , Yuxuan Du , Xinmei Tian , Dacheng Tao

Combinatorial problems are a common challenge in business, requiring finding optimal solutions under specified constraints. While significant progress has been made with variational approaches such as QAOA, most problems addressed are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-14 Monit Sharma , Yan Jin , Hoong Chuin Lau , Rudy Raymond

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) applies two Hamiltonians to a quantum system in alternation. The original goal of the algorithm was to drive the system close to the ground state of one of the Hamiltonians. This paper…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-31 Seth Lloyd

We study the relationship between the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the underlying symmetries of the objective function to be optimized. Our approach formalizes the connection between quantum symmetry properties of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Ruslan Shaydulin , Stuart Hadfield , Tad Hogg , Ilya Safro

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on quantum computers. However, in many cases QAOA requires computationally intensive parameter optimization.…

Solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices has gained a lot of attraction in recent years. Currently, most works have focused on single-objective problems, whereas many real-world applications need to consider…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-06 Linus Ekstrom , Hao Wang , Sebastian Schmitt

Quantum computing promises solutions to classically difficult and new-found problems through controlling the subtleties of quantum computing. The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a recently proposed quantum algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Nicholas J. Pritchard

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is designed to determine optimum and near optimum solutions of quadratic (and higher order) unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO or HUBO) problems, which in turn accurately model…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Prashanti Priya Angara , Danylo Lykov , Ulrike Stege , Yuri Alexeev , Hausi Müller

We present new advances towards achieving exponential quantum speedups for solving optimization problems by low-depth quantum algorithms. Specifically, we focus on families of combinatorial optimization problems that exhibit symmetry and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ashley Montanaro , Leo Zhou

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational quantum algorithm for combinatorial optimization problems. However, the implementation of QAOA is limited due to the requirement that the problems be mapped to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Hui-Min Li , Jin-Min Liang , Zhi-Xi Wang , Shao-Ming Fei

This paper introduces two techniques that make the standard Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) more suitable for constrained optimization problems. The first technique describes how to use the outcome of a prior greedy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-07 Wim van Dam , Karim Eldefrawy , Nicholas Genise , Natalie Parham

Combinatorial optimization is an important application targeted by quantum computing. However, near-term hardware constraints make quantum algorithms unlikely to be competitive when compared to high-performing classical heuristics on large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Charles Moussa , Hao Wang , Henri Calandra , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

The variational preparation of complex quantum states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is of fundamental interest, and becomes a promising application of quantum computers. Here, we systematically study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Zheng-Hang Sun , Yong-Yi Wang , Jian Cui , Heng Fan
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