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We present our method for tackling a legal case retrieval task by introducing our method of encoding documents by summarizing them into continuous vector space via our phrase scoring framework utilizing deep neural networks. On the other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Vu Tran , Minh Le Nguyen , Satoshi Tojo , Ken Satoh

Recent studies have explored graph-based approaches to retrieval-augmented generation, leveraging structured or semi-structured information -- such as entities and their relations extracted from documents -- to enhance retrieval. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Zhili Shen , Chenxin Diao , Pascual Merita , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Jeff Z. Pan

With the abundance of data and information in todays time, it is nearly impossible for man, or, even machine, to go through all of the data line by line. What one usually does is to try to skim through the lines and retain the absolutely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Imaad Zaffar Khan , Amaan Aijaz Sheikh , Utkarsh Sinha

Given the increase of publications, search for relevant papers becomes tedious. In particular, search across disciplines or schools of thinking is not supported. This is mainly due to the retrieval with keyword queries: technical terms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Lukas Pfahler , Katharina Morik

Legal document summarization represents a significant advancement towards improving judicial efficiency through the automation of key information detection. Our approach leverages state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yongjie Li , Ruilin Nong , Jianan Liu , Lucas Evans

Dense neural text retrieval has achieved promising results on open-domain Question Answering (QA), where latent representations of questions and passages are exploited for maximum inner product search in the retrieval process. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Ye Liu , Kazuma Hashimoto , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz , Caiming Xiong , Philip S. Yu

Document retrieval techniques are essential for developing large-scale information systems. The common approach involves using a bi-encoder to compute the semantic similarity between a query and documents. However, the scalar similarity…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Haoyu Liu , Shaohan Huang , Jianfeng Liu , Yuefeng Zhan , Hao Sun , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Furu Wei , Qi Zhang

Legal document retrieval and judgment prediction are crucial tasks in intelligent legal systems. In practice, determining whether two documents share the same judgments is essential for establishing their relevance in legal retrieval.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Weicong Qin , Zelin Cao , Weijie Yu , Zihua Si , Sirui Chen , Jun Xu

In this paper, we present our approaches for the case law retrieval and the legal case entailment task in the Competition on Legal Information Extraction/Entailment (COLIEE) 2021. As first stage retrieval methods combined with neural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Sophia Althammer , Arian Askari , Suzan Verberne , Allan Hanbury

Current general-purpose large language models (LLMs) commonly exhibit knowledge hallucination and insufficient domain-specific adaptability in domain-specific tasks, limiting their effectiveness in specialized question answering scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mengzheng Yang , Yanfei Ren , David Osei Opoku , Ruochang Li , Peng Ren , Chunxiao Xing

Retrieving pertinent documents from various data sources with diverse characteristics poses a significant challenge for Document Retrieval Systems. The complexity of this challenge is further compounded when accounting for the semantic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Apurva Kulkarni , Chandrashekar Ramanathan , Vinu E Venugopal

This paper presents a deep learning-based system for efficient automatic case summarization. Leveraging state-of-the-art natural language processing techniques, the system offers both supervised and unsupervised methods to generate concise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Minh Duong , Long Nguyen , Yen Vuong , Trong Le , Ha-Thanh Nguyen

Dense passage retrieval (DPR) is the first step in the retrieval augmented generation (RAG) paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLM). DPR fine-tunes pre-trained networks to enhance the alignment of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Benjamin Reichman , Larry Heck

In this work we describe a method to identify document pairwise relevance in the context of a typical legal document collection: limited resources, long queries and long documents. We review the usage of generalized language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Julien Rossi , Evangelos Kanoulas

Legal text classification is a fundamental NLP task in the legal domain. Benchmark datasets in this area often exhibit a long-tail label distribution, where many labels are underrepresented, leading to poor model performance on rare…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Boheng Mao

Being able to clearly interpret legal texts and fully understanding our rights, obligations and other legal norms has become progressively more important in the digital society. However, simply giving citizens access to the laws is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Maria Duarte , Pedro A. Santos , João Dias , Jorge Baptista

Re-ranking systems aim to reorder an initial list of documents to satisfy better the information needs associated with a user-provided query. Modern re-rankers predominantly rely on neural network models, which have proven highly effective…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Andrea Giuseppe Di Francesco , Christian Giannetti , Nicola Tonellotto , Fabrizio Silvestri

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) advances flat document retrieval by structuring knowledge as relational graphs, enabling more coherent and effective reasoning. However, applying it to specific domains like legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zerui Chen , Qinggang Zhang , Zhishang Xiang , Zhimin Wei , Linfeng Gao , Xiao Huang , Zhihong Zhang , Jinsong Su

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image change detection is a vital yet challenging task in the field of remote sensing image analysis. Most previous works adopt a self-supervised method which uses pseudo-labeled samples to guide subsequent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Junjie Wang , Feng Gao , Junyu Dong , Shan Zhang , Qian Du

This work addresses the challenge of capturing the complexities of legal knowledge by proposing a multi-layered embedding-based retrieval method for legal and legislative texts. Creating embeddings not only for individual articles but also…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-13 João Alberto de Oliveira Lima