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Understanding the loss surface of neural networks is essential for the design of models with predictable performance and their success in applications. Experimental results suggest that sufficiently deep and wide neural networks are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Henning Petzka , Cristian Sminchisescu

In this manuscript, we study the learning of deep attention neural networks, defined as the composition of multiple self-attention layers, with tied and low-rank weights. We first establish a mapping of such models to sequence multi-index…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Emanuele Troiani , Hugo Cui , Yatin Dandi , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

The interpretability of neural networks (NNs) is a challenging but essential topic for transparency in the decision-making process using machine learning. One of the reasons for the lack of interpretability is random weight initialization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Shohei Kubota , Hideaki Hayashi , Tomohiro Hayase , Seiichi Uchida

The robustness and resilience of complex systems are crucial for maintaining functionality amid disruptions or intentional attacks. Many such systems can be modeled as networks, where identifying structurally central nodes is essential for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-30 Ru Zheng , Marcus Engsig , Alejandro Tejedor , Yamir Moreno

This paper proposes an architecture for deep neural networks with hidden layer branches that learn targets of lower hierarchy than final layer targets. The branches provide a channel for enforcing useful information in hidden layer which…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-27 Abhinav Tushar

Analysing and computing with Gaussian processes arising from infinitely wide neural networks has recently seen a resurgence in popularity. Despite this, many explicit covariance functions of networks with activation functions used in modern…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Russell Tsuchida , Tim Pearce , Chris van der Heide , Fred Roosta , Marcus Gallagher

Motivated by the idea that criticality and universality of phase transitions might play a crucial role in achieving and sustaining learning and intelligent behaviour in biological and artificial networks, we analyse a theoretical and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-01 Dan Oprisa , Peter Toth

Over the past decade, deep learning has proven to be a highly effective tool for learning meaningful features from raw data. However, it remains an open question how deep networks perform hierarchical feature learning across layers. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Peng Wang , Xiao Li , Can Yaras , Zhihui Zhu , Laura Balzano , Wei Hu , Qing Qu

We propose a new deep network structure for unconstrained face recognition. The proposed network integrates several key components together in order to characterize complex data distributions, such as in unconstrained face images. Inspired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Qiangchang Wang , Guodong Guo , Mohammad Iqbal Nouyed

Redundancy in deep neural network (DNN) models has always been one of their most intriguing and important properties. DNNs have been shown to overparameterize, or extract a lot of redundant features. In this work, we explore the impact of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Babajide O. Ayinde , Tamer Inanc , Jacek M. Zurada

The loss function is a key component in deep learning models. A commonly used loss function for classification is the cross entropy loss, which is a simple yet effective application of information theory for classification problems. Based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Zeyu Song , Dongliang Chang , Zhanyu Ma , Xiaoxu Li , Zheng-Hua Tan

The performance of deep neural networks improves with more annotated data. The problem is that the budget for annotation is limited. One solution to this is active learning, where a model asks human to annotate data that it perceived as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Donggeun Yoo , In So Kweon

Threshold-linear networks (TLNs) are models of neural networks that consist of simple, perceptron-like neurons and exhibit nonlinear dynamics that are determined by the network's connectivity. The fixed points of a TLN, including both…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-08-06 Carina Curto , Jesse Geneson , Katherine Morrison

Despite their prevalence, deep networks are poorly understood. This is due, at least in part, to their highly parameterized nature. As such, while certain structures have been found to work better than others, the significance of a model's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-23 Theodore S. Nowak , Jason J. Corso

While the optimization problem behind deep neural networks is highly non-convex, it is frequently observed in practice that training deep networks seems possible without getting stuck in suboptimal points. It has been argued that this is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-14 Quynh Nguyen , Matthias Hein

In a multiplex network, a set of nodes is connected by different types of interactions, each represented as a separate layer within the network. Multiplexes have emerged as a key instrument for modeling large-scale complex systems, due to…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Ankan Ganguly , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

In this paper, we interpret Deep Neural Networks with Complex Network Theory. Complex Network Theory (CNT) represents Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as directed weighted graphs to study them as dynamical systems. We efficiently adapt CNT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriele La Malfa , Giuseppe Nicosia , Vito Latora

While deep learning models and techniques have achieved great empirical success, our understanding of the source of success in many aspects remains very limited. In an attempt to bridge the gap, we investigate the decision boundary of a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Yu Li , Lizhong Ding , Xin Gao

Deep Neural Networks are, from a physical perspective, graphs whose `links` and `vertices` iteratively process data and solve tasks sub-optimally. We use Complex Network Theory (CNT) to represents Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) as directed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Emanuele La Malfa , Gabriele La Malfa , Claudio Caprioli , Giuseppe Nicosia , Vito Latora

Training of large-scale deep neural networks is often constrained by the available computational resources. We study the effect of limited precision data representation and computation on neural network training. Within the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-11 Suyog Gupta , Ankur Agrawal , Kailash Gopalakrishnan , Pritish Narayanan