English
Related papers

Related papers: Evaluating Neuron Interpretation Methods of NLP Mo…

200 papers

Training a model with access to human explanations can improve data efficiency and model performance on in- and out-of-domain data. Adding to these empirical findings, similarity with the process of human learning makes learning from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Mareike Hartmann , Daniel Sonntag

In recent years, deep learning researchers have focused on how to find the interpretability behind deep learning models. However, today cognitive competence of human has not completely covered the deep learning model. In other words, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Jinwei Zhao , Qizhou Wang , Yufei Wang , Xinhong Hei , Yu Liu

Model Interpretation aims at the extraction of insights from the internals of a trained model. A common approach to address this task is the characterization of relevant features internally encoded in the model that are critical for its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Hamed Behzadi-Khormouji , José Oramas

Beyond individual languages, multilingual natural language processing (NLP) research increasingly aims to develop models that perform well across languages generally. However, evaluating these systems on all the world's languages is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Esther Ploeger , Wessel Poelman , Andreas Holck Høeg-Petersen , Anders Schlichtkrull , Miryam de Lhoneux , Johannes Bjerva

The emergence of large-scale pretrained language models has posed unprecedented challenges in deriving explanations of why the model has made some predictions. Stemmed from the compositional nature of languages, spurious correlations have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Ruochen Zhao , Shafiq Joty , Yongjie Wang , Tan Wang

The last decade of machine learning has seen drastic increases in scale and capabilities. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being deployed in the real world. However, they are difficult to analyze, raising concerns about using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Tilman Räuker , Anson Ho , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

The increasing use of complex machine learning models in education has led to concerns about their interpretability, which in turn has spurred interest in developing explainability techniques that are both faithful to the model's inner…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Juan D. Pinto , Luc Paquette

The predictive power of neural networks often costs model interpretability. Several techniques have been developed for explaining model outputs in terms of input features; however, it is difficult to translate such interpretations into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Benjamin J. Lengerich , Sandeep Konam , Eric P. Xing , Stephanie Rosenthal , Manuela Veloso

Interpretability researchers have attempted to understand MLP neurons of language models based on both the contexts in which they activate and their output weight vectors. They have paid little attention to a complementary aspect: the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sebastian Gerstner , Hinrich Schütze

Deep learning models continuously break new records across different NLP tasks. At the same time, their success exposes weaknesses of model evaluation. Here, we compile several key pitfalls of evaluation of sentence embeddings, a currently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Steffen Eger , Andreas Rücklé , Iryna Gurevych

How interpretable are the features of leading vision models? The question is increasingly pressing as these models move from research benchmarks into high-stakes deployments, yet existing methods cannot answer it reliably. We close this gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Julien Colin , Lore Goetschalckx , Nuria Oliver , Thomas Serre

In the recent advances of natural language processing, the scale of the state-of-the-art models and datasets is usually extensive, which challenges the application of sample-based explanation methods in many aspects, such as explanation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Wei Zhang , Ziming Huang , Yada Zhu , Guangnan Ye , Xiaodong Cui , Fan Zhang

Mechanistic Interpretability (MI) promises a path toward fully understanding how neural networks make their predictions. Prior work demonstrates that even when trained to perform simple arithmetic, models can implement a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ouail Kitouni , Niklas Nolte , Víctor Samuel Pérez-Díaz , Sokratis Trifinopoulos , Mike Williams

Single neurons in neural networks are often interpretable in that they represent individual, intuitively meaningful features. However, many neurons exhibit $\textit{mixed selectivity}$, i.e., they represent multiple unrelated features. A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-19 David Klindt , Sophia Sanborn , Francisco Acosta , Frédéric Poitevin , Nina Miolane

The EMNLP 2018 workshop BlackboxNLP was dedicated to resources and techniques specifically developed for analyzing and understanding the inner-workings and representations acquired by neural models of language. Approaches included:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Afra Alishahi , Grzegorz Chrupała , Tal Linzen

This paper is a write-up for the tutorial on "Fine-grained Interpretation and Causation Analysis in Deep NLP Models" that we are presenting at NAACL 2021. We present and discuss the research work on interpreting fine-grained components of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Hassan Sajjad , Narine Kokhlikyan , Fahim Dalvi , Nadir Durrani

Neuron identification is a popular tool in mechanistic interpretability, aiming to uncover the human-interpretable concepts represented by individual neurons in deep networks. While algorithms such as Network Dissection and CLIP-Dissect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ge Yan , Tuomas Oikarinen , Tsui-Wei , Weng

Existing approaches to explaining deep learning models in NLP usually suffer from two major drawbacks: (1) the main model and the explaining model are decoupled: an additional probing or surrogate model is used to interpret an existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Zijun Sun , Chun Fan , Qinghong Han , Xiaofei Sun , Yuxian Meng , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

Neuron-level interpretation in large language models (LLMs) is fundamentally challenged by widespread polysemanticity, where individual neurons respond to multiple distinct semantic concepts. Existing single-pass interpretation methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Weiqi Liu , Yongliang Miao , Haiyan Zhao , Yanguang Liu , Mengnan Du

Estimating the Shannon information associated with individual neurons is a non-trivial problem. Three key methods used to estimate the mutual information between neuron inputs and outputs are described, and a list of further readings is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-04-05 James V Stone