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Large, pre-trained transformer-based language models such as BERT have drastically changed the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field. We present a survey of recent work that uses these large language models to solve NLP tasks via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Bonan Min , Hayley Ross , Elior Sulem , Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh , Thien Huu Nguyen , Oscar Sainz , Eneko Agirre , Ilana Heinz , Dan Roth

We present Latin BERT, a contextual language model for the Latin language, trained on 642.7 million words from a variety of sources spanning the Classical era to the 21st century. In a series of case studies, we illustrate the affordances…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-22 David Bamman , Patrick J. Burns

In this paper, we explore the capacity of a language model-based method for grammatical error detection in detail. We first show that 5 to 10% of training data are enough for a BERT-based error detection method to achieve performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Ryo Nagata , Manabu Kimura , Kazuaki Hanawa

Due to the rapid development of large language models, people increasingly often encounter texts that may start as written by a human but continue as machine-generated. Detecting the boundary between human-written and machine-generated…

BERT-based models are currently used for solving nearly all Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks and most often achieve state-of-the-art results. Therefore, the NLP community conducts extensive research on understanding these models, but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Robert Mroczkowski , Piotr Rybak , Alina Wróblewska , Ireneusz Gawlik

There is growing evidence that pretrained language models improve task-specific fine-tuning not just for the languages seen in pretraining, but also for new languages and even non-linguistic data. What is the nature of this surprising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Zhengxuan Wu , Nelson F. Liu , Christopher Potts

Due to high annotation costs making the best use of existing human-created training data is an important research direction. We, therefore, carry out a systematic evaluation of transferability of BERT-based neural ranking models across five…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Iurii Mokrii , Leonid Boytsov , Pavel Braslavski

Recent developments in transformer-based language models have allowed them to capture a wide variety of world knowledge that can be adapted to downstream tasks with limited resources. However, what pieces of information are understood in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Shrayani Mondal , Rishabh Garodia , Arbaaz Qureshi , Taesung Lee , Youngja Park

This paper presents the first unsupervised approach to lexical semantic change that makes use of contextualised word representations. We propose a novel method that exploits the BERT neural language model to obtain representations of word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Mario Giulianelli , Marco Del Tredici , Raquel Fernández

In the modern age an enormous amount of communication occurs online, and it is difficult to know when something written is genuine or deceitful. There are many reasons for someone to deceive online (e.g., monetary gain, political gain) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Steven Triplett , Simon Minami , Rakesh Verma

The automatic identification of propaganda has gained significance in recent years due to technological and social changes in the way news is generated and consumed. That this task can be addressed effectively using BERT, a powerful new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Elena Kochkina , Michael Castelle

Due to the huge availability of documents in digital form, and the deception possibility raise bound to the essence of digital documents and the way they are spread, the authorship attribution problem has constantly increased its relevance.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-10-01 Christian Napoli , Giuseppe Pappalardo , Emiliano Tramontana

Contextualized word embeddings have been replacing standard embeddings as the representational knowledge source of choice in NLP systems. Since a variety of biases have previously been found in standard word embeddings, it is crucial to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Marion Bartl , Malvina Nissim , Albert Gatt

Review score prediction requires review text understanding, a critical real-world application of natural language processing. Due to dissimilar text domains in product reviews, a common practice is fine-tuning BERT models upon reviews of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Albert Lu , Meng Jiang

Although large-scale pretrained language models, such as BERT and RoBERTa, have achieved superhuman performance on in-distribution test sets, their performance suffers on out-of-distribution test sets (e.g., on contrast sets). Building…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Chuanrong Li , Lin Shengshuo , Leo Z. Liu , Xinyi Wu , Xuhui Zhou , Shane Steinert-Threlkeld

Political scientists often grapple with data scarcity in text classification. Recently, fine-tuned BERT models and their variants have gained traction as effective solutions to address this issue. In this study, we investigate the potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Yu Wang , Wen Qu , Xin Ye

Large pre-trained language models are widely used in the community. These models are usually trained on unmoderated and unfiltered data from open sources like the Internet. Due to this, biases that we see in platforms online which are a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Swapnil Sharma , Nikita Anand , Kranthi Kiran G. V. , Alind Jain

Web search engines focus on serving highly relevant results within hundreds of milliseconds. Pre-trained language transformer models such as BERT are therefore hard to use in this scenario due to their high computational demands. We present…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Matěj Kocián , Jakub Náplava , Daniel Štancl , Vladimír Kadlec

In this paper, we study the response of large models from the BERT family to incoherent inputs that should confuse any model that claims to understand natural language. We define simple heuristics to construct such examples. Our experiments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Ashim Gupta , Giorgi Kvernadze , Vivek Srikumar

The appearance of complex attention-based language models such as BERT, Roberta or GPT-3 has allowed to address highly complex tasks in a plethora of scenarios. However, when applied to specific domains, these models encounter considerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Javier Huertas-Tato , Alejandro Martin , David Camacho