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Related papers: Efficient Enumeration of Markov Equivalent DAGs

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Maximal ancestral graphs (MAGs) have many desirable properties; in particular they can fully describe conditional independences from directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) in the presence of latent and selection variables. However, different MAGs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-07 Zhongyi Hu , Robin Evans

Directed acyclic graph (DAG) models are popular for capturing causal relationships. From observational and interventional data, a DAG model can only be determined up to its \emph{interventional Markov equivalence class} (I-MEC). We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-07 Dmitriy Katz , Karthikeyan Shanmugam , Chandler Squires , Caroline Uhler

Random directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) based on imposing an order on Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi and scale free random graphs are widely used for evaluating causal discovery algorithms. We show that in such DAGs, the set of nodes reachable via open…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Alexander G. Reisach , Antoine Chambaz , Gilles Blanchard , Sebastian Weichwald

We give methods for Bayesian inference of directed acyclic graphs, DAGs, and the induced causal effects from passively observed complete data. Our methods build on a recent Markov chain Monte Carlo scheme for learning Bayesian networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Jussi Viinikka , Antti Hyttinen , Johan Pensar , Mikko Koivisto

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are a class of graphs commonly used in practice, with examples that include electronic circuits, Bayesian networks, and neural architectures. While many effective encoders exist for DAGs, it remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Orion Foo , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Parallel real-time systems (e.g., autonomous driving systems) often contain functionalities with complex dependencies and execution uncertainties, leading to significant timing variability which can be represented as a probabilistic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yiyang Gao , Shuai Zhao , Boyang Li , Xinwei Fang , Zhiyang Lin , Zhe Jiang , Nan Guan

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to model causal relationships among random variables. In general, learning the DAG structure is both computationally and statistically challenging. Moreover, without additional information,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Ali Shojaie , Wenyu Chen

We consider sampling and enumeration problems for Markov equivalence classes. We create and analyze a Markov chain for uniform random sampling on the DAGs inside a Markov equivalence class. Though the worst case is exponentially slow…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-16 Megan Bernstein , Prasad Tetali

We introduce a novel class of labeled directed acyclic graph (LDAG) models for finite sets of discrete variables. LDAGs generalize earlier proposals for allowing local structures in the conditional probability distribution of a node, such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-12 Johan Pensar , Henrik Nyman , Timo Koski , Jukka Corander

A well-studied challenge that arises in the structure learning problem of causal directed acyclic graphs (DAG) is that using observational data, one can only learn the graph up to a "Markov equivalence class" (MEC). The remaining undirected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Vibhor Porwal , Piyush Srivastava , Gaurav Sinha

The scheduling and schedulability analysis of real-time directed acyclic graph (DAG) task systems have received much recent attention. The DAG model can accurately represent intra-task parallelim and precedence constraints existing in many…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Zheng Dong , Cong Liu

The problem of learning a directed acyclic graph (DAG) up to Markov equivalence is equivalent to the problem of finding a permutation of the variables that induces the sparsest graph. Without additional assumptions, this task is known to be…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-10 Chandler Squires , Joshua Amaniampong , Caroline Uhler

Acyclic and cyclic orientations of an undirected graph have been widely studied for their importance: an orientation is acyclic if it assigns a direction to each edge so as to obtain a directed acyclic graph (DAG) with the same vertex set;…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Alessio Conte , Roberto Grossi , Andrea Marino , Romeo Rizzi

Estimating the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs, also known as Bayesian networks) is a challenging problem since the search space of DAGs is combinatorial and scales superexponentially with the number of nodes. Existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-06 Xun Zheng , Bryon Aragam , Pradeep Ravikumar , Eric P. Xing

Existing approaches to differentiable structure learning of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) rely on strong identifiability assumptions in order to guarantee that global minimizers of the acyclicity-constrained optimization problem identifies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-28 Chang Deng , Kevin Bello , Pradeep Ravikumar , Bryon Aragam

The structure of Markov equivalence classes (MECs) of causal DAGs has been studied extensively. A natural question in this regard is to algorithmically find the number of MECs with a given skeleton. Until recently, the known results for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Vidya Sagar Sharma

This paper considers the problem of estimating the structure of multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models. Building on recent developments in exact estimation of DAGs using integer linear programming (ILP), we present an ILP…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-13 Chris J. Oates , Jim Q. Smith , Sach Mukherjee , James Cussens

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are directed graphs in which there is no path from a vertex to itself. DAGs are an omnipresent data structure in computer science and the problem of counting the DAGs of given number of vertices and to sample…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Martin Pépin , Alfredo Viola

Directed acyclic graph (DAG) models, also called Bayesian networks, impose conditional independence constraints on a multivariate probability distribution, and are widely used in probabilistic reasoning, machine learning and causal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-20 Robin J. Evans

Assessing the accuracy of the output of causal discovery algorithms is crucial in developing and comparing novel methods. Common evaluation metrics such as the structural Hamming distance are useful for assessing individual links of causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-07 Jonas Wahl , Jakob Runge