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Model reparametrization, which follows the change-of-variable rule of calculus, is a popular way to improve the training of neural nets. But it can also be problematic since it can induce inconsistencies in, e.g., Hessian-based flatness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Agustinus Kristiadi , Felix Dangel , Philipp Hennig

Differential equations are used in a wide variety of disciplines, describing the complex behavior of the physical world. Analytic solutions to these equations are often difficult to solve for, limiting our current ability to solve complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Ethan Mills , Alexey Pozdnyakov

We introduce physics informed neural networks -- neural networks that are trained to solve supervised learning tasks while respecting any given law of physics described by general nonlinear partial differential equations. In this two part…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-30 Maziar Raissi , Paris Perdikaris , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a versatile tool in the burgeoning field of scientific machine learning for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, determining suitable training strategies for them is not…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Saad Qadeer , Panos Stinis

We propose the use of physics-informed neural networks for solving the shallow-water equations on the sphere in the meteorological context. Physics-informed neural networks are trained to satisfy the differential equations along with the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Alex Bihlo , Roman O. Popovych

Partial-differential-equation (PDE)-constrained optimization is a well-worn technique for acquiring optimal parameters of systems governed by PDEs. However, this approach is limited to providing a single set of optimal parameters per…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Archis S. Joglekar

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising approach to solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks, particularly in data-scarce scenarios, due to their unsupervised training capability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Edgar Torres , Jonathan Schiefer , Mathias Niepert

The solution to partial differential equations using deep learning approaches has shown promising results for several classes of initial and boundary-value problems. However, their ability to surpass, particularly in terms of accuracy,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-23 Ziad Aldirany , Régis Cottereau , Marc Laforest , Serge Prudhomme

Physics-informed neural networks approach the approximation of differential equations by directly incorporating their structure and given conditions in a loss function. This enables conditions like, e.g., invariants to be easily added…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Santosh Humagain , Toni Schneidereit

Mathematical models in neural networks are powerful tools for solving complex differential equations and optimizing their parameters; that is, solving the forward and inverse problems, respectively. A forward problem predicts the output of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Aarush Gupta , Kendric Hsu , Syna Mathod

Low-variance gradient estimation is crucial for learning directed graphical models parameterized by neural networks, where the reparameterization trick is widely used for those with continuous variables. While this technique gives…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-07 Seiya Tokui , Issei sato

In this paper, we introduce a physics-driven regularization method for training of deep neural networks (DNNs) for use in engineering design and analysis problems. In particular, we focus on prediction of a physical system, for which in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Mohammad Amin Nabian , Hadi Meidani

Simulation and modeling are essential in product development, integrated into the design and manufacturing process to enhance efficiency and quality. They are typically represented as complex nonlinear differential algebraic equations. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Wenqiang Yang , Wenyuan Wu , Yong Feng , Changbo Chen

Current approximate posteriors in Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) exhibit a crucial limitation: they fail to maintain invariance under reparameterization, i.e. BNNs assign different posterior densities to different parametrizations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Hrittik Roy , Marco Miani , Carl Henrik Ek , Philipp Hennig , Marvin Pförtner , Lukas Tatzel , Søren Hauberg

We propose a neural network-based meta-learning method to efficiently solve partial differential equation (PDE) problems. The proposed method is designed to meta-learn how to solve a wide variety of PDE problems, and uses the knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-23 Tomoharu Iwata , Yusuke Tanaka , Naonori Ueda

Fractional differential equations are powerful mathematical descriptors for intricate physical phenomena in a compact form. However, compared to integer ordinary or partial differential equations, solving fractional differential equations…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-16 Donya Dabiri , Joshua DaRosa , Milad Saadat , Deepak Mangal , Safa Jamali

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) [31] use automatic differentiation to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by penalizing the PDE in the loss function at a random set of points in the domain of interest. Here, we develop a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-03 E. Kharazmi , Z. Zhang , G. E. Karniadakis

The objective of this paper is to investigate the ability of physics-informed neural networks to learn the magnetic field response as a function of design parameters in the context of a two-dimensional (2-D) magnetostatic problem. Our…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Andrés Beltrán-Pulido , Ilias Bilionis , Dionysios Aliprantis

In this paper, neural network approximation methods are developed for elliptic partial differential equations with multi-frequency solutions. Neural network work approximation methods have advantages over classical approaches in that they…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Deok-Kyu Jang , Hyea Hyun Kim , Kyungsoo Kim

In this paper, based on the combination of finite element mesh and neural network, a novel type of neural network element space and corresponding machine learning method are designed for solving partial differential equations. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-24 Yifan Wang , Zhongshuo Lin , Hehu Xie