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We propose a framework that enables autonomous vehicles (AVs) to proactively shape the intentions and behaviors of interacting human drivers. The framework employs a leader-follower game model with an adaptive role mechanism to predict…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-30 Chaozhe R. He , Yichen Dong , Nan Li

End-to-end autonomous driving planners typically generate trajectories from current observations alone. However, real-world driving is highly dynamic, and such reactive planning cannot anticipate future scene evolution, often leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Chuyao Fu , Shengzhe Gan , Zhuoli Ouyang , Yuhan Rui , Xiaowei Chi , Sirui Han , Jiankun Wang , Hong Zhang

Recently significant progress has been made in vehicle prediction and planning algorithms for autonomous driving. However, it remains quite challenging for an autonomous vehicle to plan its trajectory in complex scenarios when it is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Xiangguo Liu , Ruochen Jiao , Yixuan Wang , Yimin Han , Bowen Zheng , Qi Zhu

To navigate safely in urban environments, an autonomous vehicle (ego vehicle) must understand and anticipate its surroundings, in particular the behavior and intents of other road users (neighbors). Most of the times, multiple decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Thibault Buhet , Emilie Wirbel , Andrei Bursuc , Xavier Perrotton

Autonomous vehicles require highly sophisticated decision-making to determine their motion. This paper describes how such functionality can be achieved with a practical rule engine learned from expert driving decisions. We propose an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Bouchard Frederic , Sedwards Sean , Czarnecki Krzysztof

Planning under social interactions with other agents is an essential problem for autonomous driving. As the actions of the autonomous vehicle in the interactions affect and are also affected by other agents, autonomous vehicles need to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Chenran Li , Tu Trinh , Letian Wang , Changliu Liu , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Trajectory prediction and planning are fundamental yet disconnected components in autonomous driving. Prediction models forecast surrounding agent motion under unknown intentions, producing multimodal distributions, while planning assumes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Constantin Selzer , Fabina B. Flohr

This paper introduces a local planner that synergizes the decision making and trajectory planning modules towards autonomous driving. The decision making and trajectory planning tasks are jointly formulated as a nonlinear programming…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Wenru Liu , Haichao Liu , Lei Zheng , Zhenmin Huang , Jun Ma

Navigating dense and dynamic environments poses a significant challenge for autonomous driving systems, owing to the intricate nature of multimodal interaction, wherein the actions of various traffic participants and the autonomous vehicle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Tong Li , Lu Zhang , Sikang Liu , Shaojie Shen

Trajectory prediction is an essential step in the pipeline of an autonomous vehicle. Inaccurate or inconsistent predictions regarding the movement of agents in its surroundings lead to poorly planned maneuvers and potentially dangerous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Caio Azevedo , Lina Achaji , Stefano Sabatini , Nicola Poerio , Grzegorz Bartyzel , Sascha Hornauer , Fabien Moutarde

Planning the trajectory of the controlled ego vehicle is a key challenge in automated driving. As for human drivers, predicting the motions of surrounding vehicles is important to plan the own actions. Recent motion prediction methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Steffen Hagedorn , Marcel Milich , Alexandru P. Condurache

A crucial challenge to efficient and robust motion planning for autonomous vehicles is understanding the intentions of the surrounding agents. Ignoring the intentions of the other agents in dynamic environments can lead to risky or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Xin Huang , Sungkweon Hong , Andreas Hofmann , Brian C. Williams

Reinforcement learning has received high research interest for developing planning approaches in automated driving. Most prior works consider the end-to-end planning task that yields direct control commands and rarely deploy their algorithm…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Marvin Klimke , Benjamin Völz , Michael Buchholz

Predicting the motion of multiple agents is necessary for planning in dynamic environments. This task is challenging for autonomous driving since agents (e.g. vehicles and pedestrians) and their associated behaviors may be diverse and…

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to the development of motion planning algorithms, which form a cornerstone of the autonomous driving system (ADS). Nonetheless, acquiring an interactive and secure trajectory for the ADS…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yingbing Chen , Jie Cheng , Lu Gan , Sheng Wang , Hongji Liu , Xiaodong Mei , Ming Liu

While modern policy optimization methods can do complex manipulation from sensory data, they struggle on problems with extended time horizons and multiple sub-goals. On the other hand, task and motion planning (TAMP) methods scale to long…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Michael James McDonald , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Policy search can in principle acquire complex strategies for control of robots and other autonomous systems. When the policy is trained to process raw sensory inputs, such as images and depth maps, it can also acquire a strategy that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Gregory Kahn , Tianhao Zhang , Sergey Levine , Pieter Abbeel

We study continuous action reinforcement learning problems in which it is crucial that the agent interacts with the environment only through safe policies, i.e.,~policies that do not take the agent to undesirable situations. We formulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Yinlam Chow , Ofir Nachum , Aleksandra Faust , Edgar Duenez-Guzman , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Enabling humanoid robots to exploit physical contact, rather than simply avoid collisions, is crucial for autonomy in unstructured environments. Traditional optimization-based planners struggle with contact complexity, while on-policy…

Safe planning of an autonomous agent in interactive environments -- such as the control of a self-driving vehicle among pedestrians -- poses a major challenge as the behavior of the environment is unknown and reactive to the behavior of the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Omid Mirzaeedodangeh , Eliot Shekhtman , Nikolai Matni , Lars Lindemann