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Medical image segmentation is crucial for accurate clinical diagnoses, yet it faces challenges such as low contrast between lesions and normal tissues, unclear boundaries, and high variability across patients. Deep learning has improved…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-09 Houze Liu , Tong Zhou , Yanlin Xiang , Aoran Shen , Jiacheng Hu , Junliang Du

Image segmentation is crucial in many computational pathology pipelines, including accurate disease diagnosis, subtyping, outcome, and survivability prediction. The common approach for training a segmentation model relies on a pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sachin Kumar Danisetty , Alexandros Graikos , Srikar Yellapragada , Dimitris Samaras

Recent advancements in deep learning for medical image segmentation are often limited by the scarcity of high-quality training data.While diffusion models provide a potential solution by generating synthetic images, their effectiveness in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jianhao Xie , Ziang Zhang , Zhenyu Weng , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo

In medical imaging, the diffusion models have shown great potential for synthetic image generation tasks. However, these approaches often lack the interpretable connections between the generated and real images and can create anatomically…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-12 Jian-Qing Zheng , Yuanhan Mo , Yang Sun , Jiahua Li , Fuping Wu , Ziyang Wang , Tonia Vincent , Bartłomiej W. Papież

Diffusion models have shown impressive performance for generative modelling of images. In this paper, we present a novel semantic segmentation method based on diffusion models. By modifying the training and sampling scheme, we show that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Julia Wolleb , Robin Sandkühler , Florentin Bieder , Philippe Valmaggia , Philippe C. Cattin

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have achieved unprecedented success in computer vision. However, they remain underutilized in medical imaging, a field crucial for disease diagnosis and treatment planning. This is primarily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Hongxu Jiang , Muhammad Imran , Teng Zhang , Yuyin Zhou , Muxuan Liang , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

Recent advances in deep learning have shown that learning robust feature representations is critical for the success of many computer vision tasks, including medical image segmentation. In particular, both transformer and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-03 David Li , Anvar Kurmukov , Mikhail Goncharov , Roman Sokolov , Mikhail Belyaev

Denoising Diffusion Models (DDMs) are widely used for high-quality image generation and medical image segmentation but often rely on Unet-based architectures, leading to high computational overhead, especially with high-resolution images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Avni Mittal , John Kalkhof , Anirban Mukhopadhyay , Arnav Bhavsar

Understanding the morphological structure of medical images and precisely segmenting the region of interest or abnormality is an important task that can assist in diagnosis. However, the unique properties of medical imaging make clear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Sungmin Kang , Jaeha Song , Jihie Kim

Existing segmentation models trained on a single medical imaging dataset often lack robustness when encountering unseen organs or tumors. Developing a robust model capable of identifying rare or novel tumor categories not present during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Rong Wu , Ziqi Chen , Liming Zhong , Heng Li , Hai Shu

In recent times, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have proven effective for medical image generation and denoising, and as representation learners for downstream segmentation. However, segmentation performance is limited by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Venkata Siddharth Dhara , Pawan Kumar

A diffusion probabilistic model (DPM), which constructs a forward diffusion process by gradually adding noise to data points and learns the reverse denoising process to generate new samples, has been shown to handle complex data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Zhengxiong Luo , Dayou Chen , Yingya Zhang , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Yujun Shen , Deli Zhao , Jingren Zhou , Tieniu Tan

Denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) have achieved impressive performance on various image generation tasks, including image super-resolution. By learning to reverse the process of gradually diffusing the data distribution into…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-25 Kai Zhao , Alex Ling Yu Hung , Kaifeng Pang , Haoxin Zheng , Kyunghyun Sung

In recent years, Denoising Diffusion Models have demonstrated remarkable success in generating semantically valuable pixel-wise representations for image generative modeling. In this study, we propose a novel end-to-end framework, called…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Zhaohu Xing , Liang Wan , Huazhu Fu , Guang Yang , Lei Zhu

One-shot medical image segmentation faces fundamental challenges in prototype representation due to limited annotated data and significant anatomical variability across patients. Traditional prototype-based methods rely on deterministic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ziyuan Gao , Philippe Morel

Despite its success in image synthesis, we observe that diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) often lack contextual reasoning ability to learn the relations among object parts in an image, leading to a slow learning process. To solve this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Shanghua Gao , Pan Zhou , Ming-Ming Cheng , Shuicheng Yan

Despite the recent visually-pleasing results achieved, the massive computational cost has been a long-standing flaw for diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs), which, in turn, greatly limits their applications on resource-limited platforms.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Xingyi Yang , Daquan Zhou , Jiashi Feng , Xinchao Wang

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) which employ explicit likelihood characterization and a gradual sampling process to synthesize data, have gained increasing research interest. Despite their huge computational burdens due to the large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yuheng Fan , Hanxi Liao , Shiqi Huang , Yimin Luo , Huazhu Fu , Haikun Qi

Recently, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPM) have been applied to image segmentation by generating segmentation masks conditioned on images, while the applications were mainly limited to 2D networks without exploiting potential…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-21 Yunguan Fu , Yiwen Li , Shaheer U. Saeed , Matthew J. Clarkson , Yipeng Hu

Data limitation is a significant challenge in applying deep learning to medical images. Recently, the diffusion probabilistic model (DPM) has shown the potential to generate high-quality images by converting Gaussian random noise into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sepehr Salem Ghahfarokhi , Tyrell To , Julie Jorns , Tina Yen , Bing Yu , Dong Hye Ye