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For safe navigation around pedestrians, automated vehicles (AVs) need to plan their motion by accurately predicting pedestrians trajectories over long time horizons. Current approaches to AV motion planning around crosswalks predict only…

Reinforcement learning (RL), a common tool in decision making, learns control policies from various experiences based on the associated cumulative return/rewards without treating them differently. Humans, on the contrary, often learn to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mingkang Wu , Devin White , Vernon Lawhern , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Yongcan Cao

Developing an autonomous vehicle control strategy for signalised intersections (SI) is one of the challenging tasks due to its inherently complex decision-making process. This study proposes a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Pankaj Kumar , Aditya Mishra , Pranamesh Chakraborty , Subrahmanya Swamy Peruru

The focus of this paper is to propose a driver model that incorporates human reasoning levels as actions during interactions with other drivers. Different from earlier work using game theoretical human reasoning levels, we propose a dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Cevahir Köprülü , Yıldıray Yıldız

We investigate the feasibility of deploying reinforcement learning (RL) policies for constrained crowd navigation using a low-fidelity simulator. We introduce a representation of the dynamic environment, separating human and obstacle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Shuijing Liu , Kaiwen Hong , Neeloy Chakraborty , Katherine Driggs-Campbell

Reinforcement learning (RL) holds great promise for enabling autonomous acquisition of complex robotic manipulation skills, but realizing this potential in real-world settings has been challenging. We present a human-in-the-loop…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Jianlan Luo , Charles Xu , Jeffrey Wu , Sergey Levine

Autonomous driving at intersections is one of the most complicated and accident-prone traffic scenarios, especially with mixed traffic participants such as vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians. The driving policy should make safe decisions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Jianhua Jiang , Yangang Ren , Yang Guan , Shengbo Eben Li , Yuming Yin , Xiaoping Jin

Control theory provides engineers with a multitude of tools to design controllers that manipulate the closed-loop behavior and stability of dynamical systems. These methods rely heavily on insights about the mathematical model governing the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Simen Theie Havenstrøm , Adil Rasheed , Omer San

Modeling of real-world biological multi-agents is a fundamental problem in various scientific and engineering fields. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful framework to generate flexible and diverse behaviors in cyberspace; however,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Keisuke Fujii , Kazushi Tsutsui , Atom Scott , Hiroshi Nakahara , Naoya Takeishi , Yoshinobu Kawahara

Decision-making module enables autonomous vehicles to reach appropriate maneuvers in the complex urban environments, especially the intersection situations. This work proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) based left-turn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Feng Wang , Dongjie Shi , Teng Liu , Xiaolin Tang

Accurate understanding and prediction of human behaviors are critical prerequisites for autonomous vehicles, especially in highly dynamic and interactive scenarios such as intersections in dense urban areas. In this work, we aim at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Jiachen Li , Xinwei Shi , Feiyu Chen , Jonathan Stroud , Zhishuai Zhang , Tian Lan , Junhua Mao , Jeonhyung Kang , Khaled S. Refaat , Weilong Yang , Eugene Ie , Congcong Li

Predicting pedestrian behavior when interacting with vehicles is one of the most critical challenges in the field of automated driving. Pedestrian crossing behavior is influenced by various interaction factors, including time to arrival,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Chi Zhang , Amir Hossein Kalantari , Yue Yang , Zhongjun Ni , Gustav Markkula , Natasha Merat , Christian Berger

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv

Navigating urban environments represents a complex task for automated vehicles. They must reach their goal safely and efficiently while considering a multitude of traffic participants. We propose a modular decision making algorithm to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Maxime Bouton , Alireza Nakhaei , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Robot person following (RPF) is a core capability in human-robot interaction, enabling robots to assist users in daily activities, collaborative work, and other service scenarios. However, achieving practical RPF remains challenging due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Weixi Situ , Hanjing Ye , Jianwei Peng , Yu Zhan , Hong Zhang

For motion planning and control of autonomous vehicles to be proactive and safe, pedestrians' and other road users' motions must be considered. In this paper, we present a vehicle motion planning and control framework, based on Model…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Ivo Batkovic , Mario Zanon , Mohammad Ali , Paolo Falcone

Autonomous urban driving navigation with complex multi-agent dynamics is under-explored due to the difficulty of learning an optimal driving policy. The traditional modular pipeline heavily relies on hand-designed rules and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Xiaodan Liang , Tairui Wang , Luona Yang , Eric Xing

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising way to achieve human-like autonomous driving. However, the low sample efficiency and difficulty of designing reward functions for DRL would hinder its applications in practice. In light of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Zhiyu Huang , Jingda Wu , Chen Lv

The development of automated vehicles has the potential to revolutionize transportation, but they are currently unable to ensure a safe and time-efficient driving style. Reliable models predicting human behavior are essential for overcoming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Julian F. Schumann , Aravinda Ramakrishnan Srinivasan , Jens Kober , Gustav Markkula , Arkady Zgonnikov

The rapid development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) holds vast potential for transportation systems through improved safety, efficiency, and access to mobility. However, the progression of these impacts, as AVs are adopted, is not well…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Cathy Wu , Aboudy Kreidieh , Kanaad Parvate , Eugene Vinitsky , Alexandre M Bayen