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By linking widely separated radio dishes, the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) can greatly enhance angular resolution in radio astronomy. However, at any given moment, a VLBI array only sparsely samples the information…

The celebrated CLEAN algorithm has been the cornerstone of deconvolution algorithms in radio interferometry almost since its conception in the 1970s. For all its faults, CLEAN is remarkably fast, robust to calibration artefacts and in its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-21 Hertzog L. Bester , Audrey Repetti , Simon Perkins , Oleg M. Smirnov , Jonathan S. Kenyon

Deconvolution, imaging and calibration of data from radio interferometers is a challenging computational (inverse) problem. The upcoming generation of radio telescopes poses significant challenges to existing, and well proven data reduction…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-18 Hendrik Müller , Sanjay Bhatnagar

Many important techniques for investigating the properties of extragalactic radio sources, such as spectral-index and rotation-measure mapping, involve the comparison of images at two or more frequencies. In the case of radio…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. M. Croke , D. C. Gabuzda

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provides the resolution needed to make precision measurements of a pulsar's parallax and proper motion. In making these measurements, the astronomer is faced with difficult calibration problems and a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Walter Brisken

CLEAN is a well-established deconvolution approach to Fourier imaging at both radio wavelwengths and hard X-ray energies. However, specifically for hard X-ray imaging, CLEAN suffers two significant drawbacks: a rather limited degree of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-10 Miriana Catalano , Anna Volpara , Paolo Massa , Michele Piana , Anna Maria Massone

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) makes it possible to recover images of astronomical sources with extremely high angular resolution. Most recently, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has extended VLBI to short millimeter wavelengths…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-05 Katherine L. Bouman , Michael D. Johnson , Adrian V. Dalca , Andrew A. Chael , Freek Roelofs , Sheperd S. Doeleman , William T. Freeman

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a powerful technique that can achieve sub-milliarcsecond resolution. However, it requires complex and often manual post-correlation calibration to correct for instrumental, geometric, and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-01 Diego Álvarez-Ortega , Carolina Casadio , Felix M. Pötzl , Avinash Kumar , Michael Janssen

Systematic surveys of astronomical objects often lead to discoveries, but always provide invaluable information for statistical studies of well-defined samples. They also promote follow-up investigations of individual objects or classes.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Frey

The observation and imaging of hundreds or thousands of radio sources with the technique of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) is a computationally intensive task. However, these surveys allow us to conduct statistical investigations…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-28 Kristóf Rozgonyi , Sándor Frey

The very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique offers angular resolutions superior to any other instruments at other wavelengths, enabling unique science applications of high-resolution imaging of radio sources and high-precision…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-06 T. An , B. W. Sohn , H. Imai

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry is a well established technique for achieving $\pm10~\mu$as parallax accuracies at frequencies well above 10~GHz. At lower frequencies, uncompensated interferometer delays associated with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-15 Lucas J. Hyland , Mark J. Reid , Simon P. Ellingsen , Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson , Gabor Orosz , Colin R. Masson , Jamie M. McCallum

We present our implementation of an automated VLBI data reduction pipeline dedicated to interferometric data imaging and analysis. The pipeline can handle massive VLBI data efficiently which makes it an appropriate tool to investigate…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-07 M. Zhang , A. Collioud , P. Charlot

We describe a new method which achieves high precision Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astrometry in observations at millimeter wavelengths. It combines fast frequency-switching observations, to correct for the dominant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) provides the finest angular resolution of all astronomical observation techniques. However, observations with Earth-based instruments are approaching fundamental limits on angular resolution. These…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-14 Ben Hudson , Leonid I. Gurvits , Daniel Palumbo , Sara Issaoun , Hannah Rana

The spectral index images of the jet in the nearby radio galaxy M87 have previously been shown with Very Long Baseline Interferometric arrays at 2-43 GHz. They exhibit flattening of the spectra at a location of inner (central) spine and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-31 I. N. Pashchenko , E. V. Kravchenko , E. E. Nokhrina , A. S. Nikonov

The high angular resolution and sensitivity of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offer a unique tool to identify and study active galactic nuclei and star-formation activity over cosmic time. However, despite recent technical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-05 Célestin Herbé-George , J. P. Mckean , Raffaella Morganti , Jack F. Radcliffe

The proposed next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) will enable the imaging of astronomical sources in unprecedented detail by providing an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity and angular resolution compared with radio…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Kazunori Akiyama , Lynn D. Matthews

In order to produce high dynamic range images in radio interferometry, bright extended sources need to be removed with minimal error. However, this is not a trivial task because the Fourier plane is sampled only at a finite number of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-01-17 Sarod Yatawatta

Radio interferometry enables high-resolution imaging of astronomical radio sources by synthesizing a large effective aperture from an array of antennas and solving a deconvolution problem to reconstruct the image. Deep learning has emerged…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-11 Zihui Wu , Liam Connor , Samuel McCarty , Katherine L. Bouman