English
Related papers

Related papers: Nik Defense: An Artificial Intelligence Based Defe…

200 papers

The core of many cryptocurrencies is the decentralised validation network operating on proof-of-work technology. In these systems, validation is done by so-called miners who can digitally sign blocks once they solve a computationally-hard…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Sheng-Nan Li , Carlo Campajola , Claudio J. Tessone

Cryptocurrencies have gained popularity due to their transparency, security, and accessibility compared to traditional financial systems, with Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, leading the market. Bitcoin's security relies on blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Dinitha Wijewardhana , Sugandima Vidanagamachchi , Nalin Arachchilage

Strategic mining attacks, such as selfish mining, exploit blockchain consensus protocols by deviating from honest behavior to maximize rewards. Markov Decision Process (MDP) analysis faces scalability challenges in modern digital economics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jichen Li , Lijia Xie , Hanting Huang , Bo Zhou , Binfeng Song , Wanying Zeng , Xiaotie Deng , Xiao Zhang

Bitcoin's security relies on its Proof-of-Work consensus, where miners solve puzzles to propose blocks. The puzzle's difficulty is set by the difficulty adjustment mechanism (DAM), based on the network's available mining power. Attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Roozbeh Sarenche , Svetla Nikova , Bart Preneel

The consensus protocol named proof of work (PoW) is widely applied by cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Although security of a PoW cryptocurrency is always the top priority, it is threatened by mining attacks like selfish mining. Researchers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Hanqing Liu , Na Ruan , Joseph K. Liu

Bitcoin and Ethereum are the top two blockchain-based cryptocurrencies whether from cryptocurrency market cap or popularity. However, they are vulnerable to selfish mining and stubborn mining due to that both of them adopt Proof-of-Work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Runkai Yang , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić

This paper investigates whether Bittensor can be considered the Bitcoin of decentralized Artificial Intelligence by directly comparing its tokenomics, decentralization properties, consensus mechanism, and incentive structure against those…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Elizabeth Lui , Jiahao Sun

Bitcoin is the first implementation of what has become known as a 'public permissionless' blockchain. Guaranteeing security and protocol conformity through its elegant combination of cryptographic assurances and game theoretic economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-23 D. McGinn , D McIlwraith , Y. Guo

In this paper we revisit the mining strategies in proof of work based cryptocurrencies and propose two strategies, we call smart and smarter mining, that in many cases strictly dominate honest mining. In contrast to other known attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Guy Goren , Alexander Spiegelman

Cryptographic Self-Selection is a common primitive underlying leader-selection for Proof-of-Stake blockchain protocols. The concept was first popularized in Algorand [CM19], who also observed that the protocol might be manipulable. [FHWY22]…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Linda Cai , Jingyi Liu , S. Matthew Weinberg , Chenghan Zhou

Mining is the important part of the blockchain used the proof of work (PoW) on its consensus, looking for the matching block through testing a number of hash calculations. In order to attract more hash computing power, the miner who finds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Muchuang Hu , Jiahui Chen , Wensheng Gan , Chien-Ming Chen

In the Bitcoin system, participants are rewarded for solving cryptographic puzzles. In order to receive more consistent rewards over time, some participants organize mining pools and split the rewards from the pool in proportion to each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Yujin Kwon , Dohyun Kim , Yunmok Son , Eugene Vasserman , Yongdae Kim

The value of proof-of-work cryptocurrencies critically depends on miners having incentives to follow the protocol. However, the Bitcoin mining protocol proposed by Nakamoto (2008) and implemented in practice is well known not to constitute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Manuel Mueller-Frank , Minghao Pan , Omer Tamuz

Most public blockchain protocols, including the popular Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchains, do not formally specify the order in which miners should select transactions from the pool of pending (or uncommitted) transactions for inclusion in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Johnnatan Messias , Mohamed Alzayat , Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran , Krishna P. Gummadi , Patrick Loiseau , Alan Mislove

Bitcoin is firmly becoming a mainstream asset in our global society. Its highly volatile nature has traders and speculators flooding into the market to take advantage of its significant price swings in the hope of making money. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Nathan Crone , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

This paper studies a fundamental problem regarding the security of blockchain PoW consensus on how the existence of multiple misbehaving miners influences the profitability of selfish mining. Each selfish miner (or attacker interchangeably)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Qianlan Bai , Yuedong Xu , Nianyi Liu , Xin Wang

The emerging cryptocurrency market has lately received great attention for asset allocation due to its decentralization uniqueness. However, its volatility and brand new trading mode have made it challenging to devising an acceptable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Fengrui Liu , Yang Li , Baitong Li , Jiaxin Li , Huiyang Xie

In this paper we revisit some major orthodoxies which lie at the heart of the bitcoin crypto currency and its numerous clones. In particular we look at The Longest Chain Rule, the monetary supply policies and the exact mechanisms which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-11 Nicolas T. Courtois

Bitcoin is a popular cryptocurrency that records alltransactions in a distributed append-only public ledger calledblockchain. The security of Bitcoin heavily relies on the incentive-compatible proof-of-work (PoW) based distributed consensus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Mauro Conti , Sandeep Kumar E , Chhagan Lal , Sushmita Ruj

The problem of anomaly detection has been studied for a long time. In short, anomalies are abnormal or unlikely things. In financial networks, thieves and illegal activities are often anomalous in nature. Members of a network want to detect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Thai Pham , Steven Lee