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Inverse problems in partial differential equations (PDEs) involve estimating the physical parameters of a system from observed spatiotemporal solution fields. Neural networks are well-suited for PDE parameter estimation due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Divyam Goel , Nithin Chalapathi , Sanjeev Raja , Aditi S. Krishnapriyan

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) use a neural network to model the instantaneous rate of change in the state of a system. However, despite their apparent suitability for dynamics-governed time-series, NODEs present a few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Alexander Norcliffe , Cristian Bodnar , Ben Day , Jacob Moss , Pietro Liò

Neural operators such as the Fourier Neural Operator (FNO) have been shown to provide resolution-independent deep learning models that can learn mappings between function spaces. For example, an initial condition can be mapped to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Aditya Kashi , Arka Daw , Muralikrishnan Gopalakrishnan Meena , Hao Lu

Modeling complex systems using standard neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) often faces some essential challenges, including high computational costs and susceptibility to local optima. To address these challenges, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Xin Li , Jingdong Zhang , Qunxi Zhu , Chengli Zhao , Xue Zhang , Xiaojun Duan , Wei Lin

We propose a neural control method to provide guaranteed stabilization for mechanical systems using a novel negative imaginary neural ordinary differential equation (NINODE) controller. Specifically, we employ neural networks with desired…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-29 Kanghong Shi , Ruigang Wang , Ian R. Manchester

Gradient-based meta-learning methods have primarily been applied to classical machine learning tasks such as image classification. Recently, PDE-solving deep learning methods, such as neural operators, are starting to make an important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Lu Zhang , Huaiqian You , Tian Gao , Mo Yu , Chung-Hao Lee , Yue Yu

The fundamental computational issues in Bayesian inverse problems (BIP) governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) stem from the requirement of repeated forward model evaluations. A popular strategy to reduce such costs is to replace…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Zhiwei Gao , Liang Yan , Tao Zhou

Designing universal artificial intelligence (AI) solver for partial differential equations (PDEs) is an open-ended problem and a significant challenge in science and engineering. Currently, data-driven solvers have achieved great success,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Qinglong Ma , Peizhi Zhao , Sen Wang , Tao Song

Neural Networks (NNs) can be used to solve Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations (ODEs and PDEs) by redefining the question as an optimization problem. The objective function to be optimized is the sum of the squares of the PDE to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-17 Veronica Guidetti , Francesco Muia , Yvette Welling , Alexander Westphal

Neural Operators that directly learn mappings between function spaces, such as Deep Operator Networks (DONs) and Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs), have received considerable attention. Despite the universal approximation guarantees for DONs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Pedro Cisneros-Velarde , Bhavesh Shrimali , Arindam Banerjee

Neural operators learn to map initial conditions to the terminal solution of partial differential equations (PDEs), providing a surrogate for the full operator mapping. This enables rapid prediction across different input configurations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Runlong Xie , An Luo

We propose a new method that uses deep learning techniques to solve the inverse problems. The inverse problem is cast in the form of learning an end-to-end mapping from observed data to the ground-truth. Inspired by the splitting strategy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Kai Fan , Qi Wei , Wenlin Wang , Amit Chakraborty , Katherine Heller

Neural networks allow solving many ill-posed inverse problems with unprecedented performance. Physics informed approaches already progressively replace carefully hand-crafted reconstruction algorithms in real applications. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Alban Gossard , Pierre Weiss

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) have garnered significant attention for their design of continuous-depth neural networks and the ability to learn data/feature dynamics. However, for high-dimensional systems, estimating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Muhao Guo , Haoran Li , Yang Weng

In the realm of computational science and engineering, constructing models that reflect real-world phenomena requires solving partial differential equations (PDEs) with different conditions. Recent advancements in neural operators, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Pengpeng Xiao , Muqing Zheng , Anran Jiao , Xiu Yang , Lu Lu

Neural operators learn mappings from function-dependent inputs to solutions, providing an effective framework for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). For time-dependent PDEs, existing methods typically perform long-horizon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiaquan Zhang , Caiyan Qin , Haoyu Bian , Libin Cai , Yi Lu , Chaoning Zhang , Wei Dong , Yuanfang Guo , Yang Yang , Hen Tao Shen

Shape optimization under uncertainty (OUU) is computationally intensive for classical PDE-based methods due to the high cost of repeated sampling-based risk evaluation across many uncertainty realizations and varying geometries, while…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Xindi Gong , Dingcheng Luo , Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry , Ruanui Nicholson , Omar Ghattas

Deep neural networks are an attractive alternative for simulating complex dynamical systems, as in comparison to traditional scientific computing methods, they offer reduced computational costs during inference and can be trained directly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Katarzyna Michałowska , Somdatta Goswami , George Em Karniadakis , Signe Riemer-Sørensen

A variety of infinitely wide neural architectures (e.g., dense NNs, CNNs, and transformers) induce Gaussian process (GP) priors over their outputs. These relationships provide both an accurate characterization of the prior predictive…

Inverse problems are important mathematical problems that seek to recover model parameters from noisy data. Since inverse problems are often ill-posed, they require regularization or incorporation of prior information about the underlying…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Oluwatosin Akande , Gabriel P. Langlois , Akwum Onwunta