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We develop a new method for generating prediction sets that combines the flexibility of conformal methods with an estimate of the conditional distribution $P_{Y \mid X}$. Existing methods, such as conformalized quantile regression and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-10 Vincent Plassier , Alexander Fishkov , Mohsen Guizani , Maxim Panov , Eric Moulines

To enable fully automated driving of trains, numerous new technological components must be introduced into the railway system. Tasks that are nowadays carried out by the operating stuff, need to be taken over by automatic systems.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Tobias Herrmann , Nikolay Chenkov , Florian Stark , Matthias Härter , Martin Köppel

Searches for signals of new physics in particle physics are usually done by training a supervised classifier to separate a signal model from the known Standard Model physics (also called the background model). However, even when the signal…

Applications · Statistics 2025-11-04 Purvasha Chakravarti , Lucas Kania , Olaf Behnke , Mikael Kuusela , Larry Wasserman

Typically, machine learning models are trained and evaluated without making any distinction between users (e.g, using traditional hold-out and cross-validation). However, this produces inaccurate performance metrics estimates in multi-user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Enrique Garcia-Ceja , Luciano Garcia-Banuelos , Nicolas Jourdan

While the predictions produced by conformal prediction are set-valued, the data used for training and calibration is supposed to be precise. In the setting of superset learning or learning from partial labels, a variant of weakly supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Alireza Javanmardi , Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Eyke Hüllermeier

Railway points are among the key components of railway infrastructure. As a part of signal equipment, points control the routes of trains at railway junctions, having a significant impact on the reliability, capacity, and punctuality of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Zhibin Li , Jian Zhang , Qiang Wu , Yongshun Gong , Jinfeng Yi , Christina Kirsch

Many applications of machine learning methods involve an iterative protocol in which data are collected, a model is trained, and then outputs of that model are used to choose what data to consider next. For example, one data-driven approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Clara Fannjiang , Stephen Bates , Anastasios N. Angelopoulos , Jennifer Listgarten , Michael I. Jordan

The capability to detect objects is a core part of autonomous driving. Due to sensor noise and incomplete data, perfectly detecting and localizing every object is infeasible. Therefore, it is important for a detector to provide the amount…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Gregory P. Meyer , Niranjan Thakurdesai

Conformal prediction is a model-agnostic approach to generating prediction sets that cover the true class with a high probability. Although its prediction set size is expected to capture aleatoric uncertainty, there is a lack of evidence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Misgina Tsighe Hagos , Claes Lundström

Conformal prediction offers finite-sample coverage guarantees under minimal assumptions. However, existing methods treat the entire modeling process as a black box, overlooking opportunities to exploit and understand modular structure. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 William Zhang , Saurabh Amin , Georgia Perakis

Accurate uncertainty estimates are essential for deploying deep object detectors in safety-critical systems. The development and evaluation of probabilistic object detectors have been hindered by shortcomings in existing performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Georg Hess , Christoffer Petersson , Lennart Svensson

Machine learning components such as deep neural networks are used extensively in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). However, they may introduce new types of hazards that can have disastrous consequences and need to be addressed for engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Dimitrios Boursinos , Xenofon Koutsoukos

The proliferation of Deep Neural Networks has resulted in machine learning systems becoming increasingly more present in various real-world applications. Consequently, there is a growing demand for highly reliable models in many domains,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Pedro Conde , Rui L. Lopes , Cristiano Premebida

Quantitative tools are increasingly appealing for decision support in healthcare, driven by the growing capabilities of advanced AI systems. However, understanding the predictive uncertainties surrounding a tool's output is crucial for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Roel Hulsman , Valentin Comte , Lorenzo Bertolini , Tobias Wiesenthal , Antonio Puertas Gallardo , Mario Ceresa

We address the problem of uncertainty quantification in time series forecasting by exploiting observations at correlated sequences. Relational deep learning methods leveraging graph representations are among the most effective tools for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Andrea Cini , Alexander Jenkins , Danilo Mandic , Cesare Alippi , Filippo Maria Bianchi

We develop a stochastic foundation for bandwidth estimation of networks with random service, where bandwidth availability is expressed in terms of bounding functions with a defined violation probability. Exploiting properties of a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-03 Ralf Lübben , Markus Fidler , Jörg Liebeherr

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a distribution-free uncertainty estimation framework that constructs prediction sets guaranteed to contain the true answer with a user-specified probability. Intuitively, the size of the prediction set encodes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Alvaro H. C. Correia , Fabio Valerio Massoli , Christos Louizos , Arash Behboodi

Conformal prediction is a popular uncertainty quantification method that augments a base predictor to return sets of predictions with statistically valid coverage guarantees. However, current methods are often computationally expensive and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Laura Lützow , Michael Eichelbeck , Mykel J. Kochenderfer , Matthias Althoff

In this work we provide a review of basic ideas and novel developments about Conformal Prediction -- an innovative distribution-free, non-parametric forecasting method, based on minimal assumptions -- that is able to yield in a very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Matteo Fontana , Gianluca Zeni , Simone Vantini

Conformal prediction (CP) provides a comprehensive framework to produce statistically rigorous uncertainty sets for black-box machine learning models. To further improve the efficiency of CP, conformal correction is proposed to fine-tune or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Senrong Xu , Tianyu Wang , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Taolue Chen , Feng Xu , Xiaoxing Ma