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Dataset bias, where data points are skewed to certain concepts, is ubiquitous in machine learning datasets. Yet, systematically identifying these biases is challenging without costly, fine-grained attribute annotations. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jinho Choi , Hyesu Lim , Steffen Schneider , Jaegul Choo

Warning: This paper contains several contents that may be toxic, harmful, or offensive. In the last few years, text-to-image generative models have gained remarkable success in generating images with unprecedented quality accompanied by a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Jialu Wang , Xinyue Gabby Liu , Zonglin Di , Yang Liu , Xin Eric Wang

A recent study has shown that large-scale visual datasets are very biased: they can be easily classified by modern neural networks. However, the concrete forms of bias among these datasets remain unclear. In this study, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Boya Zeng , Yida Yin , Zhuang Liu

Text-to-image (T2I) models have advanced creative content generation, yet their reliance on large uncurated datasets often reproduces societal biases. We present FairT2I, a training-free and interactive framework grounded in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jinya Sakurai , Yuki Koyama , Issei Sato

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have achieved widespread success due to their ability to generate high-resolution, photorealistic images. These models are trained on large-scale datasets, like LAION-5B, often scraped from the internet.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Korada Sri Vardhana , Shrikrishna Lolla , Soma Biswas

Text-to-Image (T2I) generation models have been widely adopted across various industries, yet are criticized for frequently exhibiting societal stereotypes. While a growing body of research has emerged to evaluate and mitigate these biases,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Megan Smith , Venkatesh Thirugnana Sambandham , Florian Richter , Laura Crompton , Matthias Uhl , Torsten Schön

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have recently gained significant attention due to their ability to generate high-quality images and are consequently used in a wide range of applications. However, there are concerns about the gender bias of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yunbo Lyu , Zhou Yang , Yuqing Niu , Jing Jiang , David Lo

Image classification models often learn to predict a class based on irrelevant co-occurrences between input features and an output class in training data. We call the unwanted correlations "data biases," and the visual features causing data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Bum Chul Kwon , Jungsoo Lee , Chaeyeon Chung , Nyoungwoo Lee , Ho-Jin Choi , Jaegul Choo

Recent breakthroughs in self supervised training have led to a new class of pretrained vision language models. While there have been investigations of bias in multimodal models, they have mostly focused on gender and racial bias, giving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Sepehr Janghorbani , Gerard de Melo

With the increasing use of image generation technology, understanding its social biases, including gender bias, is essential. This paper presents a large-scale study on gender bias in text-to-image (T2I) models, focusing on everyday…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Leander Girrbach , Stephan Alaniz , Genevieve Smith , Zeynep Akata

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

The rapid development and reduced barriers to entry for Text-to-Image (T2I) models have raised concerns about the biases in their outputs, but existing research lacks a holistic definition and evaluation framework of biases, limiting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Hanjun Luo , Ziye Deng , Ruizhe Chen , Zuozhu Liu

Bias discovery is critical for black-box generative models, especiall text-to-image (TTI) models. Existing works predominantly focus on output-level demographic distributions, which do not necessarily guarantee concept representations to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Rajatsubhra Chakraborty , Xujun Che , Depeng Xu , Cori Faklaris , Xi Niu , Shuhan Yuan

Vision-language (VL) understanding tasks evaluate models' comprehension of complex visual scenes through multiple-choice questions. However, we have identified two dataset biases that models can exploit as shortcuts to resolve various VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Zhecan Wang , Long Chen , Haoxuan You , Keyang Xu , Yicheng He , Wenhao Li , Noel Codella , Kai-Wei Chang , Shih-Fu Chang

To advance models of multimodal context, we introduce a simple yet powerful neural architecture for data that combines vision and natural language. The "Bounding Boxes in Text Transformer" (B2T2) also leverages referential information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Chris Alberti , Jeffrey Ling , Michael Collins , David Reitter

Our society is plagued by several biases, including racial biases, caste biases, and gender bias. As a matter of fact, several years ago, most of these notions were unheard of. These biases passed through generations along with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-04 Lavisha Aggarwal , Shruti Bhargava

Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models have revolutionized content creation, yet they inherently risk amplifying societal biases. While sociological research provides systematic classifications of bias, existing T2I benchmarks largely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hanjun Luo , Zhimu Huang , Haoyu Huang , Ziye Deng , Ruizhe Chen , Xinfeng Li , Zuozhu Liu , Hanan Salam

Text-to-image diffusion models, which are theoretically equivalent to score-based generative models, generate images through a multi-step denoising process guided by text embeddings extracted from pretrained vision-language models such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Seung Hyuk Lee , Songkuk Kim

Text-to-image (T2I) generative models have gained increased popularity in the public domain. While boasting impressive user-guided generative abilities, their black-box nature exposes users to intentionally- and intrinsically-biased…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

The blind application of machine learning runs the risk of amplifying biases present in data. Such a danger is facing us with word embedding, a popular framework to represent text data as vectors which has been used in many machine learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Tolga Bolukbasi , Kai-Wei Chang , James Zou , Venkatesh Saligrama , Adam Kalai