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Expressiveness and generalization of deep models was recently addressed via the connection between neural networks (NNs) and kernel learning, where first-order dynamics of NN during a gradient-descent (GD) optimization were related to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Dmitry Kopitkov , Vadim Indelman

Recent theoretical works based on the neural tangent kernel (NTK) have shed light on the optimization and generalization of over-parameterized networks, and partially bridge the gap between their practical success and classical learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Kyung-Su Kim , Aurélie C. Lozano , Eunho Yang

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) characterizes the behavior of infinitely wide neural nets trained under least squares loss by gradient descent. However, despite its importance, the super-quadratic runtime of kernel methods limits the use of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Amir Zandieh

We present GERN, a novel scalable framework for training GNNs in node classification tasks, based on effective resistance, a standard tool in spectral graph theory. Our method progressively refines the GNN weights on a sequence of random…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Francesco Bonchi , Claudio Gentile , Francesco Paolo Nerini , André Panisson , Fabio Vitale

Many machine learning techniques have been proposed in the last few years to process data represented in graph-structured form. Graphs can be used to model several scenarios, from molecules and materials to RNA secondary structures. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-19 Nicolò Navarin , Dinh V. Tran , Alessandro Sperduti

At initialization, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are equivalent to Gaussian processes in the infinite-width limit, thus connecting them to kernel methods. We prove that the evolution of an ANN during training can also be described by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Arthur Jacot , Franck Gabriel , Clément Hongler

While kernel methods and Graph Neural Networks offer complementary strengths, integrating the two has posed challenges in efficiency and scalability. The Graph Neural Tangent Kernel provides a theoretical bridge by interpreting GNNs through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Lin Wang , Shijie Wang , Sirui Huang , Qing Li

Understanding what graph neural networks can learn, especially their ability to learn to execute algorithms, remains a central theoretical challenge. In this work, we prove exact learnability results for graph algorithms under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Muhammad Fetrat Qharabagh , Artur Back de Luca , George Giapitzakis , Kimon Fountoulakis

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, finding applications across diverse domains. However, as graph sizes and connectivity increase, standard GNN training methods face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ivan I. Kyrchei , Eldad Haber , Eran Treister

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful deep learning models to generate node embeddings on graphs. When applying deep GNNs on large graphs, it is still challenging to perform training in an efficient and scalable way. We propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Hanqing Zeng , Hongkuan Zhou , Ajitesh Srivastava , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Large-scale graph training is a notoriously challenging problem for graph neural networks (GNNs). Due to the nature of evolving graph structures into the training process, vanilla GNNs usually fail to scale up, limited by the GPU memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Keyu Duan , Zirui Liu , Peihao Wang , Wenqing Zheng , Kaixiong Zhou , Tianlong Chen , Xia Hu , Zhangyang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have shown a strong potential to be integrated into commercial products for network control and management. Early works using GNN have demonstrated an unprecedented capability to learn from different network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Miquel Ferriol-Galmés , José Suárez-Varela , Krzysztof Rusek , Pere Barlet-Ros , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have made significant advances on several fundamental inference tasks. As a result, there is a surge of interest in using these models for making potentially important decisions in high-regret applications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Mengshu Sun , Caiwen Ding , Bhavya Kailkhura , Xue Lin

Sparse neural networks promise efficiency, yet training them effectively remains a fundamental challenge. Despite advances in pruning methods that create sparse architectures, understanding why some sparse structures are better trainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Hoang Pham , The-Anh Ta , Tom Jacobs , Rebekka Burkholz , Long Tran-Thanh

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for processing graph-based information in various domains. A desirable property of GNNs is transferability, where a trained network can swap in information from a different graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 A. Martina Neuman , Jason J. Bramburger

Graph neural networks (GNNs) provide state-of-the-art results in a wide variety of tasks which typically involve predicting features at the vertices of a graph. They are built from layers of graph convolutions which serve as a powerful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-08 Mauricio Velasco , Kaiying O'Hare , Bernardo Rychtenberg , Soledad Villar

Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCNNs) are generalizations of CNNs to graph-structured data, in which convolution is guided by the graph topology. In many cases where graphs are unavailable, existing methods manually construct graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Xiang Gao , Wei Hu , Zongming Guo

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) characterizes the behavior of infinitely-wide neural networks trained under least squares loss by gradient descent. Recent works also report that NTK regression can outperform finitely-wide neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-09 Amir Zandieh , Insu Han , Haim Avron , Neta Shoham , Chaewon Kim , Jinwoo Shin

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have exploded onto the machine learning scene in recent years owing to their capability to model and learn from graph-structured data. Such an ability has strong implications in a wide variety of fields whose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Sergi Abadal , Akshay Jain , Robert Guirado , Jorge López-Alonso , Eduard Alarcón

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a standard approach for learning from graph-structured data. However, their reliance on parametric classifiers (most often linear softmax layers) limits interpretability and sometimes hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zeljko Bolevic , Milos Brajovic , Isidora Stankovic , Ljubisa Stankovic