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Note: The final version of this article was published in Computers and Geosciences, Volume 206, January 2026, 106038. DOI: 10.1016/j.cageo.2025.106038. Readers should refer to the published version for the most up-to-date content.…

Positron emission tomographs (PET) do not measure an image directly. Instead, they measure at the boundary of the field-of-view (FOV) of PET tomograph a sinogram that consists of measurements of the sums of all the counts along the lines…

Realistic microscale domains are an essential step towards making modern multiscale simulations more applicable to computational materials engineering. For this purpose, 3D computed tomography scans can be very expensive or technically…

Discovering the 3D atomic structure of molecules such as proteins and viruses is a fundamental research problem in biology and medicine. Electron Cryomicroscopy (Cryo-EM) is a promising vision-based technique for structure estimation which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Marcus A. Brubaker , Ali Punjani , David J. Fleet

With the rapid development of computer graphics and vision, several three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques have been proposed and used to obtain the 3D representation of objects in the form of point cloud models, mesh models, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Rui Wang

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful technique for determining the structure of proteins and other macromolecular complexes at near-atomic resolution. In single particle cryo-EM, the central problem is to reconstruct the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-18 Ellen D. Zhong , Tristan Bepler , Joseph H. Davis , Bonnie Berger

Single particle cryo-electron microscopy is a vital tool for 3D characterization of protein structures. A typical workflow involves acquiring projection images of a collection of randomly oriented particles, picking and classifying…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-22 S. V. Venkatakrishnan , Puneet Juneja , Hugh O'Neill

Comprehensive, synapse-resolution imaging of the brain will be crucial for understanding neuronal computations and function. In connectomics, this has been the sole purview of volume electron microscopy (EM), which entails an excruciatingly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-03 Yicong Li , Yaron Meirovitch , Aaron T. Kuan , Jasper S. Phelps , Alexandra Pacureanu , Wei-Chung Allen Lee , Nir Shavit , Lu Mi

The 3D characterization of microstructures is crucial for understanding and designing functional materials. However, the scanning electron microscope (SEM), widely used in scientific research, captures only 2D electron intensity…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Shuo Chen , Yijin Li , Xi Zheng , Guofeng Zhang

Electron tomography has become a commonly used tool to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) structure of nanomaterials, including colloidal nanoparticle assemblies. However, electron microscopy is typically carried out under high vacuum…

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a widely used technique for recovering the 3-D structure of biological molecules from a large number of experimentally generated noisy 2-D tomographic projection images of the 3-D structure, taken from…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Jeremy Hoskins , Yuehaw Khoo , Oscar Mickelin , Amit Singer , Yuguan Wang

In this work, we study the perception problem for sampled surfaces (possibly with boundary) using tools from computational topology, specifically, how to identify their underlying topology starting from point-cloud samples in space, such as…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Franco Coltraro , Jaume Amorós , Maria Alberich-Carramiñana , Carme Torras

While three-dimensional imaging is essential for clinical diagnosis, its high cost and long wait times have motivated the use of image-to-3D foundation models to infer volume from two-dimensional modalities. However, because these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yan Luo , Advaith Ravishankar , Serena Liu , Yutong Yang , Mengyu Wang

The Cryo-EM 3D particle reconstruction is essential for identifying protein and uncover the biological mechanism of the macro-molecules. In this paper, we use Kam method for reconstruction. Kam method is \textit{ab-initio}, and it assumes…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-06-21 Yin Xian

Three-dimensional (3D) facial shape analysis has gained interest due to its potential clinical applications. However, the high cost of advanced 3D facial acquisition systems limits their widespread use, driving the development of low-cost…

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful imaging tool that has found broad application in materials science, nanoscience and biology(1-3). With the introduction of aberration-corrected electron lenses, both the spatial…

Holistic understanding of multiphase reactive flow mechanisms such as CO$_2$ dissolution, multiphase displacement, and snap-off events are vital for optimisation of large-scale industrial operations like CO$_2$ sequestration, enhanced oil…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-03-08 Alexandros Patsoukis Dimou , Hannah P. Menke , Julien Maes

Biomembranes adopt varying morphologies that are vital to cellular functions. Many studies use computational modeling to understand how various mechanochemical factors contribute to membrane shape transformations. Compared to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Cuncheng Zhu , Christopher T. Lee , Padmini Rangamani

The acquisition of multi-view information of cells is essential for accurate 3D reconstruction of their structures. Rotational manipulation of cells has emerged as an effective technique for obtaining such data. However, most reported…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-10 Yiwei Pan , Yijing Wu , Ziqiang Wang , Yinmei Li , Lei Gong

The dynamics of biomolecules are crucial for our understanding of their functioning in living systems. However, current 3D imaging techniques, such as cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), require freezing the sample, which limits the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-24 Enze Ye , Yuhang Wang , Hong Zhang , Yiqin Gao , Huan Wang , He Sun