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The big jump principle is a well established mathematical result for sums of independent and identically distributed random variables extracted from a fat tailed distribution. It states that the tail of the distribution of the sum is the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-10 Alessandro Vezzani , Eli Barkai , Raffaella Burioni

The prediction and control of rare events is an important task in disciplines that range from physics and biology, to economics and social science. The Big Jump principle deals with a peculiar aspect of the mechanism that drives rare…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-27 Alessandro Vezzani , Eli Barkai , Raffaella Burioni

We study large deviation probabilities for a sum of dependent random variables from a heavy-tailed factor model, assuming that the components are regularly varying. We identify conditions where both the factor and the idiosyncratic terms…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-12-05 Boualem Djehiche , Jens Svensson

We consider a modulated process S which, conditional on a background process X, has independent increments. Assuming that S drifts to -infinity and that its increments (jumps) are heavy-tailed (in a sense made precise in the paper), we…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-11-29 Sergey Foss , Takis Konstantopoulos , Stan Zachary

It is well-known that large deviations of random walks driven by independent and identically distributed heavy-tailed random variables are governed by the so-called principle of one large jump. We note that further subtleties hold for such…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-30 Harald Bernhard , Bikramjit Das

The multidimensional distributions with heavy tails attracted recently the attention of several papers on Applied Probability. However, the most of the works of the last decades are focused on multivariate regular variation, while the rest…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Dimitrios G. Konstantinides , Charalampos D. Passalidis

In this paper, we develop sample path large deviations for multivariate Hawkes processes with heavy-tailed mutual excitation rates. Our results address a broad class of rare events in Hawkes processes at the sample path level and, via the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Jose Blanchet , Roger J. A. Laeven , Xingyu Wang , Bert Zwart

We study rare events in the extreme value statistics of stochastic symmetric jump processes with power tails in the distributions of the jumps, using the big-jump principle. The principle states that in the presence of stochastic processes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-04 Alberto Bassanoni , Alessandro Vezzani , Raffaella Burioni

In many areas of interest, modern risk assessment requires estimation of the extremal behaviour of sums of random variables. We derive the first order upper-tail behaviour of the weighted sum of bivariate random variables under weak…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-17 Jordan Richards , Jonathan A. Tawn

Extreme events are by nature rare and difficult to predict, yet are often much more important than frequent, typical events. An interesting counterpoint to the prediction of such events is their retrodiction -- given a process in an outlier…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-21 Wesley W. Erickson , Daniel A. Steck

We examine a distributional fixed-point equation related to a multi-type branching process that is key in the cluster sizes analysis of multivariate heavy-tailed Hawkes processes. Specifically, we explore the tail behavior of its solution…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-07 Jose Blanchet , Roger J. A. Laeven , Xingyu Wang , Bert Zwart

The big jump principle explains the emergence of extreme events for physical quantities modelled by a sum of independent and identically distributed random variables which are heavy-tailed. Extreme events are large values of the sum and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-11-10 Marc Höll , Eli Barkai

This article shows a strong averaging principle for diffusions driven by discontinuous heavy-tailed L\'evy noise, which are invariant on the compact horizontal leaves of a foliated manifold subject to small transversal random perturbations.…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-29 Michael A. Högele , Paulo-Henrique da Costa

Large deviations for sums of i.i.d.\ random variables with stretched-exponential tails (also called Weibull or semi-exponential tails) have been well understood since the 60's, going back to Nagaev's seminal work. Many extensions in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Nina Gantert , Joscha Prochno , Philipp Tuchel

Pure-jump L\'evy processes are popular classes of stochastic processes which have found many applications in finance, statistics or machine learning. In this paper, we propose a novel family of self-decomposable L\'evy processes where one…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-06 Fadhel Ayed , Juho Lee , François Caron

In this paper we first provide several conditional limit theorems for L\'evy processes with negative drift and regularly varying tail. Then we apply them to study the asymptotic behavior of expectations of some exponential functionals of…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-05-29 Wei Xu

We prove a large deviation principle for the sum of n independent heavy-tailed random variables, which are subject to a moving cut-off boundary at location n. Conditional on the sum being large at scale n, we show that a finite number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-17 Céline Kerriou , Peter Mörters

This paper addresses heavy-tailed large deviation estimates for the distribution tail of functionals of a class of spectrally one-sided L\'evy process. Our contribution is to show that these estimates remain valid in a near-critical regime.…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-03 Bart Kamphorst , Bert Zwart

Rare events in stochastic processes with heavy-tailed distributions are controlled by the big jump principle, which states that a rare large fluctuation is produced by a single event and not by an accumulation of coherent small deviations.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-03-13 Raffaella Burioni , Alessandro Vezzani

We derive subexponential tail asymptotics for the distribution of the maximum of a compound renewal process with linear component and of a L\'evy process, both with negative drift, over random time horizon $\tau$ that does not depend on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-10-07 Sergey Foss , Dmitry Korshunov , Zbigniew Palmowski
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