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Edge-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) technologies are increasingly prevalent in the development of intelligent and personalized assistants. However, resource-constrained ASR models face significant challenges in adaptivity,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Amir Nassereldine , Dancheng Liu , Chenhui Xu , Ruiyang Qin , Yiyu Shi , Jinjun Xiong

In the landscape of modern machine learning, frozen pre-trained models provide stability and efficiency but often underperform on specific tasks due to mismatched data distributions. This paper introduces the Whisperer, a novel visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Samandar Samandarov , Nazirjon Ismoiljonov , Abdullah Sattorov , Temirlan Sabyrbayev

We introduce AirWare, an in-air hand-gesture recognition system that uses the already embedded speaker and microphone in most electronic devices, together with embedded infrared proximity sensors. Gestures identified by AirWare are…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Nibhrat Lohia , Raunak Mundada , Arya D. McCarthy , Eric C. Larson

Voice interfaces are quickly becoming a common way for people to interact with AI systems. This also brings new security risks, such as prompt injection, social engineering, and harmful voice commands. Traditional security methods rely on…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sumit Ranjan , Sugandha Sharma , Ubaid Abbas , Puneeth N Ail

Whispered-to-normal (W2N) speech conversion aims to reconstruct missing phonation from whispered input while preserving content and speaker identity. This task is challenging due to temporal misalignment between whisper and voiced…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Fabian Ritter-Gutierrez , Md Asif Jalal , Pablo Peso Parada , Karthikeyan Saravanan , Yusun Shul , Minseung Kim , Gun-Woo Lee , Han-Gil Moon

Fast Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is critical for latency-sensitive applications such as real-time captioning and meeting transcription. However, truly parallel ASR decoding remains challenging due to the sequential nature of…

Whispering is an important mode of human speech, but no end-to-end recognition results for it were reported yet, probably due to the scarcity of available whispered speech data. In this paper, we present several approaches for end-to-end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Heng-Jui Chang , Alexander H. Liu , Hung-yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

Recent research on word-level confidence estimation for speech recognition systems has primarily focused on lightweight models known as Confidence Estimation Modules (CEMs), which rely on hand-engineered features derived from Automatic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-20 Vaibhav Aggarwal , Shabari S Nair , Yash Verma , Yash Jogi

There is an increasing interest in obtaining accurate word-level timestamps from strong automatic speech recognizers, in particular Whisper. Existing approaches either require additional training or are simply not competitive. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-15 Sung-Lin Yeh , Yen Meng , Hao Tang

Hand gestures are an intuitive, socially acceptable, and a non-intrusive interaction modality in Mixed Reality (MR) and smartphone based applications. Unlike speech interfaces, they tend to perform well even in shared and public spaces.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Varun Jain , Ramya Hebbalaguppe

Speech foundation models, such as OpenAI's Whisper, become the state of the art in speech understanding due to their strong accuracy and generalizability. Yet, their applications are mostly limited to processing pre-recorded speech, whereas…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Rongxiang Wang , Zhiming Xu , Felix Xiaozhu Lin

Rapid advances in speech synthesis and audio editing have made realistic forgeries increasingly accessible, yet existing detection methods remain vulnerable to tampering or depend on visual/wearable sensors. In this paper, we present…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Mingda Han , Huanqi Yang , Chaoqun Li , Wenhao Li , Guoming Zhang , Yanni Yang , Yetong Cao , Weitao Xu , Pengfei Hu

In automatic speech recognition, any factor that alters the acoustic properties of speech can pose a challenge to the system's performance. This paper presents a novel approach for automatic whispered speech recognition in the Irish dialect…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Aref Farhadipour , Homa Asadi , Volker Dellwo

Wireless signal-based human sensing technologies, such as WiFi, millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), enable the detection and interpretation of human presence, posture, and activities, thereby providing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zhenkui Yang , Zeyi Huang , Ge Wang , Han Ding , Tony Xiao Han , Fei Wang

Collaborative perception is vital for autonomous driving yet remains constrained by tight communication budgets. Earlier work reduced bandwidth by compressing full feature maps with fixed-rate encoders, which adapts poorly to a changing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Gong Chen , Chaokun Zhang , Xinyan Zhao

Whispered speech as an acceptable form of human-computer interaction is gaining traction. Systems that address multiple modes of speech require a robust front-end speech classifier. Performance of whispered vs normal speech classification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 S. Johanan Joysingh , P. Vijayalakshmi , T. Nagarajan

We explore the feasibility of AI assisted hand-gesture recognition using 802.11ad 60GHz (mmWave) technology in smartphones. Range-Doppler information (RDI) is obtained by using pulse Doppler radar for gesture recognition. We built a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Yuwei Ren , Jiuyuan Lu , Andrian Beletchi , Yin Huang , Ilia Karmanov , Daniel Fontijne , Chirag Patel , Hao Xu

Whisper generation is constrained by the difficulty of data collection. Because whispered speech has low acoustic amplitude, high-fidelity recording is challenging. In this paper, we introduce WhispSynth, a large-scale multilingual corpus…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Tianyi Tan , Jiaxin Ye , Yuanming Zhang , Xiaohuai Le , Xianjun Xia , Chuanzeng Huang , Jing Lu

Voice has become an increasingly popular User Interaction (UI) channel, mainly contributing to the ongoing trend of wearables, smart vehicles, and home automation systems. Voice assistants such as Siri, Google Now and Cortana, have become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-18 Huan Feng , Kassem Fawaz , Kang G. Shin

As a robust and large-scale multilingual speech recognition model, Whisper has demonstrated impressive results in many low-resource and out-of-distribution scenarios. However, its encoder-decoder structure hinders its application to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Haoyu Wang , Guoqiang Hu , Guodong Lin , Wei-Qiang Zhang , Jian Li