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Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to lack cultural representation and overall diversity in their generations, from expressing opinions to answering factual questions. To mitigate this problem, we propose multilingual prompting: a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qihan Wang , Shidong Pan , Tal Linzen , Emily Black

Generative AI systems have revolutionized human interaction by enabling natural language-based coding and problem solving. However, the inherent ambiguity of natural language often leads to imprecise instructions, forcing users to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Fabrizio Marozzo

System prompts provide a lightweight yet powerful mechanism for conditioning large language models (LLMs) at inference time. While prior work has focused on English-only settings, real-world deployments benefit from having a single prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Lechen Zhang , Yusheng Zhou , Tolga Ergen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , David Jurgens

Large language models often respond to ambiguous requests by implicitly committing to one interpretation, frustrating users and creating safety risks when that interpretation is wrong. We propose generating a single structured response that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Irina Saparina , Mirella Lapata

We explore how generating a chain of thought -- a series of intermediate reasoning steps -- significantly improves the ability of large language models to perform complex reasoning. In particular, we show how such reasoning abilities emerge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Jason Wei , Xuezhi Wang , Dale Schuurmans , Maarten Bosma , Brian Ichter , Fei Xia , Ed Chi , Quoc Le , Denny Zhou

Large language models can perform various reasoning tasks by using chain-of-thought prompting, which guides them to find answers through step-by-step demonstrations. However, the quality of the prompts depends on the demonstrations given to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Zhihong Shao , Yeyun Gong , Yelong Shen , Minlie Huang , Nan Duan , Weizhu Chen

In open-domain question answering, due to the ambiguity of questions, multiple plausible answers may exist. To provide feasible answers to an ambiguous question, one approach is to directly predict all valid answers, but this can struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Weiwei Sun , Hengyi Cai , Hongshen Chen , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

Current image generation systems produce high-quality images but struggle with ambiguous user prompts, making interpretation of actual user intentions difficult. Many users must modify their prompts several times to ensure the generated…

Clarification resolution plays an important role in various information retrieval tasks such as interactive question answering and conversational search. In such context, the user often formulates their information needs as short and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Hadrien Lautraite , Nada Naji , Louis Marceau , Marc Queudot , Eric Charton

With the advancement in generative language models, the selection of prompts has gained significant attention in recent years. A prompt is an instruction or description provided by the user, serving as a guide for the generative language…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-21 Haoting Zhang , Jinghai He , Rhonda Righter , Zeyu Zheng

Computing students increasingly rely on generative AI tools for programming assistance, often without formal instruction or guidance. This highlights a need to teach students how to effectively interact with AI models, particularly through…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Victor-Alexandru Pădurean , Paul Denny , Alkis Gotovos , Adish Singla

Despite advances in the multilingual capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), their performance varies substantially across different languages and tasks. In multilingual retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)-based systems, knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Aman Gupta , Yingying Zhuang , Zhou Yu , Ziji Zhang , Anurag Beniwal

While Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) internalize a great amount of world knowledge, they have been shown incapable of recalling these knowledge to solve tasks requiring complex & multi-step reasoning. Similar to how humans develop a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Boshi Wang , Xiang Deng , Huan Sun

XAI with natural language processing aims to produce human-readable explanations as evidence for AI decision-making, which addresses explainability and transparency. However, from an HCI perspective, the current approaches only focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Jialin Yu , Alexandra I. Cristea , Anoushka Harit , Zhongtian Sun , Olanrewaju Tahir Aduragba , Lei Shi , Noura Al Moubayed

Obtaining multiple meaningfully diverse, high quality samples from Large Language Models for a fixed prompt remains an open challenge. Current methods for increasing diversity often only operate at the token-level, paraphrasing the same…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Eltayeb Ahmed , Uljad Berdica , Martha Elliott , Danijela Horak , Jakob N. Foerster

Multilingual generative models obtain remarkable cross-lingual in-context learning capabilities through pre-training on large-scale corpora. However, they still exhibit a performance bias toward high-resource languages and learn isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chong Li , Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Automatically generating stories is a challenging problem that requires producing causally related and logical sequences of events about a topic. Previous approaches in this domain have focused largely on one-shot generation, where a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Faeze Brahman , Alexandru Petrusca , Snigdha Chaturvedi

Mixed-initiative dialogue tasks involve repeated exchanges of information and conversational control. Conversational agents gain control by generating responses that follow particular dialogue intents or strategies, prescribed by a policy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Maximillian Chen , Xiao Yu , Weiyan Shi , Urvi Awasthi , Zhou Yu

The emergence of generative AI (GenAI) models, including large language models and text-to-image models, has significantly advanced the synergy between humans and AI with not only their outstanding capability but more importantly, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Leixian Shen , Haotian Li , Yifang Wang , Xing Xie , Huamin Qu

The recently released ChatGPT has demonstrated surprising abilities in natural language understanding and natural language generation. Machine translation relies heavily on the abilities of language understanding and generation. Thus, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Yuan Gao , Ruili Wang , Feng Hou
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