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For deployment, neural architecture search should be hardware-aware, in order to satisfy the device-specific constraints (e.g., memory usage, latency and energy consumption) and enhance the model efficiency. Existing methods on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Hayeon Lee , Sewoong Lee , Song Chong , Sung Ju Hwang

In modern interactive speech-based systems, speech is consumed and transcribed incrementally prior to having disfluencies removed. This post-processing step is crucial for producing clean transcripts and high performance on downstream tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Angelica Chen , Vicky Zayats , Daniel D. Walker , Dirk Padfield

This work proposes a frame-wise online/streaming end-to-end neural diarization (EEND) method, which detects speaker activities in a frame-in-frame-out fashion. The proposed model mainly consists of a causal embedding encoder and an online…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Di Liang , Xiaofei Li

Large-batch Contrastive Learning (CL), the foundation of modern representation learning, is fundamentally incompatible with the volatile resource constraints of edge devices. This conflict creates a dilemma: small on-device batches degrade…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Minh K. Quan , Pubudu N. Pathirana

Applying Large Language Models (LLMs) to heterogeneous enterprise systems is hindered by hallucinations and failures in multi-hop, n-ary reasoning. Existing paradigms (e.g., GraphRAG, NL2SQL) lack the semantic grounding and auditable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Ling Wang , Xin Liu , Songnan Liu , Jianan Wang , Cheng Cheng , Yihan Zhu , Enyu Li , Yu Xiao , Jiangyong Xie , Duogong Yan , Jiangyi Chen

Using a vision-inspired keyword spotting framework, we propose an architecture with input-dependent dynamic depth capable of processing streaming audio. Specifically, we extend a conformer encoder with trainable binary gates that allow us…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Alexandre Bittar , Paul Dixon , Mohammad Samragh , Kumari Nishu , Devang Naik

Oscillatory recurrent networks, such as the Harmonic Oscillator Recurrent Network (HORN) model, offer advantages in parameter efficiency, learning speed, and robustness relative to traditional non-oscillating architectures. Yet, while many…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-05 Pedro Carvalho , Bernd Ulmann , Wolf Singer , Felix Effenberger

Currently, there are mainly three kinds of Transformer encoder based streaming End to End (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) approaches, namely time-restricted methods, chunk-wise methods, and memory-based methods. Generally, all of…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Fangyuan Wang , Bo Xu

This work proposes a frame-wise online/streaming end-to-end neural diarization (FS-EEND) method in a frame-in-frame-out fashion. To frame-wisely detect a flexible number of speakers and extract/update their corresponding attractors, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Di Liang , Nian Shao , Xiaofei Li

Federated Learning is a well-researched approach for collaboratively training machine learning models across decentralized data while preserving privacy. However, integrating Homomorphic Encryption to ensure data confidentiality introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jiaxang Tang , Zeshan Fayyaz , Mohammad A. Salahuddin , Raouf Boutaba , Zhi-Li Zhang , Ali Anwar

Non-autoregressive (NAR) modeling has gained significant interest in speech processing since these models achieve dramatically lower inference time than autoregressive (AR) models while also achieving good transcription accuracy. Since NAR…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Siddhant Arora , George Saon , Shinji Watanabe , Brian Kingsbury

Recently, attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) end-to-end (E2E) models have drawn more and more attention in the field of automatic speech recognition (ASR). AED models, however, still have drawbacks when deploying in commercial…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Zhichao Wang , Wenwen Yang , Pan Zhou , Wei Chen

Dual-encoder-based neural retrieval models achieve appreciable performance and complement traditional lexical retrievers well due to their semantic matching capabilities, which makes them a common choice for hybrid IR systems. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Jurek Leonhardt , Marcel Jahnke , Avishek Anand

While self-supervised learning (SSL) has revolutionized audio representation, the excessive parameterization and quadratic computational cost of standard Transformers limit their deployment on resource-constrained devices. To address this…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Harunori Kawano , Takeshi Sasaki

Frequency estimation of elements is an important task for summarizing data streams and machine learning applications. The problem is often addressed by using streaming algorithms with sublinear space data structures. These algorithms allow…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Nikita Seleznev , Senthil Kumar , C. Bayan Bruss

In today's Internet, HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) is the mainstream standard for video streaming, which switches the bitrate of the video content based on an Adaptive BitRate (ABR) algorithm. An effective Quality of Experience (QoE)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-20 Chunyi Li , May Lim , Abdelhak Bentaleb , Roger Zimmermann

Retrieval-augmented code generation often conditions the decoder on large retrieved code snippets. This ties online inference cost to repository size and introduces noise from long contexts. We present Hierarchical Embedding Fusion (HEF), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nikita Sorokin , Ivan Sedykh , Valentin Malykh

This paper tackles a new problem in computer vision: mid-stream video-to-video retrieval. This task, which consists in searching a database for content similar to a video right as it is playing, e.g. from a live stream, exhibits challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Tong Yu , Nicolas Padoy

Dense retrieval systems increasingly need to handle complex queries. In many realistic settings, users express intent through long instructions or task-specific descriptions, while target documents remain relatively simple and static. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Seiji Maekawa , Moin Aminnaseri , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

While speech recognition Word Error Rate (WER) has reached human parity for English, long-form dictation scenarios still suffer from segmentation and punctuation problems resulting from irregular pausing patterns or slow speakers.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Piyush Behre , Sharman Tan , Padma Varadharajan , Shuangyu Chang