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The fine-tuning of deep pre-trained models has revealed compositional properties, with multiple specialized modules that can be arbitrarily composed into a single, multi-task model. However, identifying the conditions that promote…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Angelo Porrello , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Pietro Buzzega , Monica Millunzi , Simone Calderara , Rita Cucchiara

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain neural model behaviour by reverse-engineering learned computational structure into human-understandable components. Without a formal framework, however, mechanistic explanations cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ward Gauderis , Thomas Dooms , Steven T. Holmer , Kola Ayonrinde , Geraint A. Wiggins

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of tasks, but this success often comes with substantial computational and storage costs due to large-scale training data. Dataset distillation addresses this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mingzhuo Li , Guang Li , Linfeng Ye , Jiafeng Mao , Takahiro Ogawa , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis , Miki Haseyama

Metric learning networks are used to compute image embeddings, which are widely used in many applications such as image retrieval and face recognition. In this paper, we propose to use network distillation to efficiently compute image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Lu Yu , Vacit Oguz Yazici , Xialei Liu , Joost van de Weijer , Yongmei Cheng , Arnau Ramisa

It is commonly believed that knowledge of syntactic structure should improve language modeling. However, effectively and computationally efficiently incorporating syntactic structure into neural language models has been a challenging topic.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Wenyu Du , Zhouhan Lin , Yikang Shen , Timothy J. O'Donnell , Yoshua Bengio , Yue Zhang

Speech is one of the most effective means of communication and is full of information that helps the transmission of utterer's thoughts. However, mainly due to the cumbersome processing of acoustic features, phoneme or word posterior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Won Ik Cho , Donghyun Kwak , Ji Won Yoon , Nam Soo Kim

Neural Module Network (NMN) exhibits strong interpretability and compositionality thanks to its handcrafted neural modules with explicit multi-hop reasoning capability. However, most NMNs suffer from two critical drawbacks: 1) scalability:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Wenhu Chen , Zhe Gan , Linjie Li , Yu Cheng , William Wang , Jingjing Liu

Despite a multitude of empirical studies, little consensus exists on whether neural networks are able to generalise compositionally, a controversy that, in part, stems from a lack of agreement about what it means for a neural model to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Dieuwke Hupkes , Verna Dankers , Mathijs Mul , Elia Bruni

In this work, we systematically investigate how well current models of coherence can capture aspects of text implicated in discourse organisation. We devise two datasets of various linguistic alterations that undermine coherence and test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Youmna Farag , Josef Valvoda , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ted Briscoe

This paper addresses the challenges of high computational cost and slow inference in deploying large language models. It proposes a distillation strategy guided by multiple teacher models. The method constructs several teacher models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Xiandong Meng , Yan Wu , Yexin Tian , Xin Hu , Tianze Kang , Junliang Du

Machine translation systems require semantic knowledge and grammatical understanding. Neural machine translation (NMT) systems often assume this information is captured by an attention mechanism and a decoder that ensures fluency. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Ke Tran , Yonatan Bisk

In this paper, we investigate to which extent contextual neural language models (LMs) implicitly learn syntactic structure. More concretely, we focus on constituent structure as represented in the Penn Treebank (PTB). Using standard probing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-14 David Arps , Younes Samih , Laura Kallmeyer , Hassan Sajjad

Modern deep neural networks achieve impressive performance in engineering applications that require extensive linguistic skills, such as machine translation. This success has sparked interest in probing whether these models are inducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Tal Linzen , Marco Baroni

We present a logic based interpretable model for learning on graphs and an algorithm to distill this model from a Graph Neural Network (GNN). Recent results have shown connections between the expressivity of GNNs and the two-variable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Alexander Pluska , Pascal Welke , Thomas Gärtner , Sagar Malhotra

Contextualized word representations, such as ELMo and BERT, were shown to perform well on various semantic and syntactic tasks. In this work, we tackle the task of unsupervised disentanglement between semantics and structure in neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Shauli Ravfogel , Yanai Elazar , Jacob Goldberger , Yoav Goldberg

Word embedding methods revolve around learning continuous distributed vector representations of words with neural networks, which can capture semantic and/or syntactic cues, and in turn be used to induce similarity measures among words,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-25 Kuan-Yu Chen , Shih-Hung Liu , Berlin Chen , Hsin-Min Wang , Hsin-Hsi Chen

Large Genomic Foundation Models have recently achieved remarkable results and in-vivo translation capabilities. However these models quickly grow to over a few Billion of parameters and are expensive to run when compute is limited. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Rasched Haidari , Sam Martin , Maxime Allard

Understanding human language is one of the key themes of artificial intelligence. For language representation, the capacity of effectively modeling the linguistic knowledge from the detail-riddled and lengthy texts and getting rid of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Zhuosheng Zhang , Yuwei Wu , Junru Zhou , Sufeng Duan , Hai Zhao , Rui Wang

We present a novel technique for learning semantic representations, which extends the distributional hypothesis to multilingual data and joint-space embeddings. Our models leverage parallel data and learn to strongly align the embeddings of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-04-21 Karl Moritz Hermann , Phil Blunsom

Many machine learning algorithms represent input data with vector embeddings or discrete codes. When inputs exhibit compositional structure (e.g. objects built from parts or procedures from subroutines), it is natural to ask whether this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Jacob Andreas