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In conversational question answering, users express their information needs through a series of utterances with incomplete context. Typical ConvQA methods rely on a single source (a knowledge base (KB), or a text corpus, or a set of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Philipp Christmann , Rishiraj Saha Roy , Gerhard Weikum

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in multi-hop question-answering (M-QA) due to their advanced reasoning abilities. However, the impact of the inherent reasoning structures on LLM M-QA performance remains unclear, largely due to…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in table Question Answering (Table QA). However, extending these capabilities to multi-table QA remains challenging due to unreliable schema linking across complex tables. Existing methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xixi Wang , Miguel Costa , Jordanka Kovaceva , Shuai Wang , Francisco C. Pereira

Conversational question answering (convQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about information contained in a KG. State-of-the-art methods of ConvQA often struggle with inexplicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Lihui Liu , Blaine Hill , Boxin Du , Fei Wang , Hanghang Tong

Complex Query Answering (CQA) is an important and fundamental task for knowledge graph (KG) reasoning. Query encoding (QE) is proposed as a fast and robust solution to CQA. In the encoding process, most existing QE methods first parse the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Jiaxin Bai , Tianshi Zheng , Yangqiu Song

Graph representation learning has now become the de facto standard when handling graph-structured data, with the framework of message-passing graph neural networks (MPNN) being the most prevailing algorithmic tool. Despite its popularity,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Jiawang Dan , Ruofan Wu , Yunpeng Liu , Baokun Wang , Changhua Meng , Tengfei Liu , Tianyi Zhang , Ningtao Wang , Xing Fu , Qi Li , Weiqiang Wang

Hypergraph, an expressive structure with flexibility to model the higher-order correlations among entities, has recently attracted increasing attention from various research domains. Despite the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jing Huang , Jie Yang

Academic question answering (QA) in heterogeneous scholarly networks presents unique challenges requiring both structural understanding and interpretable reasoning. While graph neural networks (GNNs) capture structured graph information and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Runsong Jia , Mengjia Wu , Ying Ding , Jie Lu , Yi Zhang

Complex Query Answering (CQA) has been extensively studied in recent years. In order to model data that is closer to real-world distribution, knowledge graphs with different modalities have been introduced. Triple KGs, as the classic KGs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Hong Ting Tsang , Zihao Wang , Yangqiu Song

Answering complex queries over knowledge graphs (KG) is an important yet challenging task because of the KG incompleteness issue and cascading errors during reasoning. Recent query embedding (QE) approaches to embed the entities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Zezhong Xu , Wen Zhang , Peng Ye , Hui Chen , Huajun Chen

Current methods for embedding-based query answering over incomplete Knowledge Graphs (KGs) only focus on inductive reasoning, i.e., predicting answers by learning patterns from the data, and lack the complementary ability to do deductive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Medina Andresel , Trung-Kien Tran , Csaba Domokos , Pasquale Minervini , Daria Stepanova

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a prominent approach to machine learning with graphs and have been increasingly applied in a multitude of domains. Nevertheless, since most existing GNN models are based on flat message-passing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Zhiqiang Zhong , Cheng-Te Li , Jun Pang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on question-answering (QA) tasks because of their superior capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, LLM-based QA struggles with complex QA…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuangtao Ma , Yongrui Chen , Tianxing Wu , Arijit Khan , Haofen Wang

This study addresses the challenge of ambiguity in knowledge graph question answering (KGQA). While recent KGQA systems have made significant progress, particularly with the integration of large language models (LLMs), they typically assume…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Liqiang Wen , Guanming Xiong , Tong Mo , Bing Li , Weiping Li , Wen Zhao

Understanding complex biomolecular mechanisms requires multi-step reasoning across molecular interactions, signaling cascades, and metabolic pathways. While large language models(LLMs) show promise in such tasks, their application to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Tianwen Lyu , Xiang Zhuang , Keyan Ding , Xinzhe Cao , Lei Liang , Wei Zhao , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Multilingual knowledge graph (KG) embeddings provide latent semantic representations of entities and structured knowledge with cross-lingual inferences, which benefit various knowledge-driven cross-lingual NLP tasks. However, precisely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Kai-Wei Chang , Steven Skiena , Carlo Zaniolo

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) is a promising approach for mitigating LLM hallucination by grounding reasoning in structured and verifiable knowledge graphs. Existing approaches fall into two paradigms: retrieval-based methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Bo Yuan , Hexuan Deng , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

Despite their competitive performance on knowledge-intensive tasks, large language models (LLMs) still have limitations in memorizing all world knowledge especially long tail knowledge. In this paper, we study the KG-augmented language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Yike Wu , Nan Hu , Sheng Bi , Guilin Qi , Jie Ren , Anhuan Xie , Wei Song

Neural methods for Complex Query Answering (CQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) are widely believed to learn patterns that generalize beyond explicit graph structure, allowing them to infer answers that are unreachable through symbolic query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yannick Brunink , Daniel Daza , Yunjie He , Michael Cochez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, they often struggle with complex reasoning tasks and are prone to hallucination. Recent research has shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xue Wu , Kostas Tsioutsiouliklis