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The behavior of neural networks (NNs) on previously unseen types of data (out-of-distribution or OOD) is typically unpredictable. This can be dangerous if the network's output is used for decision-making in a safety-critical system. Hence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Muqsit Azeem , Marta Grobelna , Sudeep Kanav , Jan Kretinsky , Stefanie Mohr , Sabine Rieder

Deep neural network (DNN) models have achieved state-of-the-art predictive accuracy in a wide range of supervised learning applications. However, accurately quantifying the uncertainty in DNN predictions remains a challenging task. For…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Daiwei Zhang , Tianci Liu , Jian Kang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly applied in safety-critical domains, such as self-driving cars, unmanned aircraft, and medical diagnosis. It is of fundamental importance to certify the safety of these DNNs, i.e. that they comply…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Fabian Bauer-Marquart , David Boetius , Stefan Leue , Christian Schilling

Neural networks predictions are unreliable when the input sample is out of the training distribution or corrupted by noise. Being able to detect such failures automatically is fundamental to integrate deep learning algorithms into robotics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Antonio Loquercio , Mattia Segù , Davide Scaramuzza

Deep neural networks have set the state-of-the-art in computer vision tasks such as bounding box detection and semantic segmentation. Object detectors and segmentation models assign confidence scores to predictions, reflecting the model's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Tobias J. Riedlinger , Kira Maag , Hanno Gottschalk

With the surge of Machine Learning (ML), An emerging amount of intelligent applications have been developed. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have demonstrated unprecedented performance across various fields such as medical diagnosis and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Xinqiao Zhang , Huili Chen , Ke Huang , Farinaz Koushanfar

The last decade's research in artificial intelligence had a significant impact on the advance of autonomous driving. Yet, safety remains a major concern when it comes to deploying such systems in high-risk environments. The objective of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Charles Corbière

Multiple benchmarks have been developed to assess the alignment between deep neural networks (DNNs) and human vision. In almost all cases these benchmarks are observational in the sense they are composed of behavioural and brain responses…

Uncertainty and confidence have been shown to be useful metrics in a wide variety of techniques proposed for deep learning testing, including test data selection and system supervision.We present uncertainty-wizard, a tool that allows to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Michael Weiss , Paolo Tonella

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are becoming increasingly more important in assisted and automated driving. Using such entities which are obtained using machine learning is inevitable: tasks such as recognizing traffic signs cannot be developed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Akshay Dhonthi , Ernst Moritz Hahn , Vahid Hashemi

Deep neural networks (DNN), despite their remarkable performance, are highly vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing defenses mainly rely on activation anomaly analysis or trigger reverse engineering and often require clean samples or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yinbo Yu , Jing Fang , Xuewen Zhang , Chunwei Tian , Qi Zhu , Daoqiang Zhang , Jiajia Liu

A particularly challenging problem in AI safety is providing guarantees on the behavior of high-dimensional autonomous systems. Verification approaches centered around reachability analysis fail to scale, and purely statistical approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Souradeep Dutta , Michele Caprio , Vivian Lin , Matthew Cleaveland , Kuk Jin Jang , Ivan Ruchkin , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee

Credit scoring is a major application of machine learning for financial institutions to decide whether to approve or reject a credit loan. For sake of reliability, it is necessary for credit scoring models to be both accurate and globally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Qiang Liu , Zhaocheng Liu , Haoli Zhang , Yuntian Chen , Jun Zhu

Prediction algorithms, such as deep neural networks (DNNs), are used in many domain sciences to directly estimate internal parameters of interest in simulator-based models, especially in settings where the observations include images or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-14 Luca Masserano , Tommaso Dorigo , Rafael Izbicki , Mikael Kuusela , Ann B. Lee

The great performances of deep learning are undeniable, with impressive results over a wide range of tasks. However, the output confidence of these models is usually not well-calibrated, which can be an issue for applications where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Azadeh Sadat Mozafari , Hugo Siqueira Gomes , Wilson Leão , Christian Gagné

The human brain has the ability to carry out new tasks with limited experience. It utilizes prior learning experiences to adapt the solution strategy to new domains. On the other hand, deep neural networks (DNNs) generally need large…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Shayan Hassantabar , Prerit Terway , Niraj K. Jha

Trust can be defined as a measure to determine which source of information is reliable and with whom we should share or from whom we should accept information. There are several applications for trust in Online Social Networks (OSNs),…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Seyed Mohssen Ghafari

The deep neural networks (DNNs)based autonomous driving systems (ADSs) are expected to reduce road accidents and improve safety in the transportation domain as it removes the factor of human error from driving tasks. The DNN based ADS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Manzoor Hussain , Nazakat Ali , Jang-Eui Hong

In this paper, the uncertainty is defined as the mean square error between a given enhanced noisy observation vector and the corresponding clean one. Then, a DNN is trained by using enhanced noisy observation vectors as input and the…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-05-31 José Novoa , Josué Fredes , Néstor Becerra Yoma

Neural networks (NNs) are increasingly applied in safety-critical systems such as autonomous vehicles. However, they are fragile and are often ill-behaved. Consequently, their behaviors should undergo rigorous guarantees before deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Zhen Liang , Dejin Ren , Bai Xue , Ji Wang , Wenjing Yang , Wanwei Liu