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Free space optical (FSO) communication refers to the information transmission technology based on the propagation of optical signals in space. FSO communication requires that the transmitter and receiver directly see each other.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-01-20 Dieu Linh Truong , Xuan Vuong Dang , The Ngoc Dang

In this work, we study the performance of multiple-hop mixed frequency (RF)/free-space optical (FSO) communication-based decode-and-forward protocol for multicast networks. So far, serving a large number of users is considered a promising…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-23 Olfa Ben Yahia , Eylem Erdogan , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Free-space optical communication (FSO) can achieve fast, secure and license-free communication without need for physical cables, making it a cost-effective, energy-efficient and flexible solution when the fiber connection is unavailable. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-18 Yao Zhang , Hua-Ying Liu , Xiaoyi Liu , Peng Xu , Xiang Dong , Pengfei Fan , Xiaohui Tian , Hua Yu , Dong Pan , Zhijun Yin , Guilu Long , Shi-Ning Zhu , Zhenda Xie

High altitude platforms (HAPs)-aided terrestrial-aerial communication technology based on free-space optical (FSO) and Terahertz (THz) feeder links has been attracting notable interest recently due to its great potential in reaching a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Elmehdi Illi , Marwa Qaraqe

High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) are emerging as key enablers of future non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), supporting gigabit-class free-space optical (FSO) backhaul links while hosting laser-based sensing payloads. This tutorial and…

Optics · Physics 2025-11-11 Ali Elkhazraji , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Aamir Farooq

Non-terrestrial networks have been attracting much interest from the industry and academia. Satellites and high altitude platform station (HAPS) systems are expected to be the key enablers of next-generation wireless networks. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-01 Olfa Ben Yahia , Eylem Erdogan , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Ibrahim Altunbas , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Integrating high altitude platforms (HAPs) and free-space optical (FSO) communications is a promising solution to establish high data rate aerial links for the next-generation wireless networks. However, practical limitations such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Hossein Safi , Akbar Dargahi , Julian Cheng , Majid Safari

Optical wireless communication (OWC) covering an ultra-wide range of unlicensed spectrum has emerged as an extent efficient solution to mitigate conventional RF spectrum scarcity ranging from communication distances from nm to several…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Abu Jahid , Mohammed H. Alsharif , Trevor J. Hall

For decades, satellites have facilitated remote internet of things (IoT) services. However, the recent proliferation of increasingly capable sensors and a surge in the number deployed, has led to a substantial growth in the volume of data…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Ethan Fettes , Pablo G. Madoery , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Colin Bellinger , Stéphane Martel , Khaled Ahmed , Sameera Siddiqui

In recent years, free space optical communication has gained significant importance owing to its unique features: large bandwidth, license-free spectrum, high data rate, easy and quick deployability, less power and low mass requirements.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-31 Hemani Kaushal , Georges Kaddoum

In this work, we propose an innovative system that combines high-altitude platforms (HAPs) and optical intelligent reflecting surfaces (OIRS) to address line-of-sight (LOS) challenges in urban environments. Our three-hops system setup…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Shunyuan Shang , Emna Zedini , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Providing efficient and reliable content delivery in rural areas remains a significant challenge due to the lack of communication infrastructure. To bridge the digital divide, this paper investigates the potential of leveraging multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-09 Yongqiang Zhang , Mustafa A. Kishk , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Achieving seamless global coverage is one of the ultimate goals of space-air-ground integrated network, as a part of which High Altitude Platform (HAP) network can provide wide-area coverage. However, deploying a large number of HAPs will…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Zhiqing Wei , Lin Wang , Zhan Gao , Huici Wu , Ning Zhang , Kaifeng Han , Zhiyong Feng

Hybrid terrestrial-satellite (HTS) communication systems have gained a tremendous amount of interest recently due to the high demand for global high data rates. Conventional satellite communications operate in the conventional Ku (12 GHz)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Elmehdi Illi , Faissal El Bouanani , Fouad Ayoub , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Free-space optic (FSO) is a promising solution to provide broadband Internet access for high-speed trains (HSTs). Besides, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are considered as hardware technology to improve performance of optical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Pouya Agheli , Hamzeh Beyranvand , Mohammad Javad Emadi

This work evaluates the potential of High-Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) and Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites as alternative or complementary systems to enhance Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity. We first analyze the transmission…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Jean Michel de Souza Sant'Ana , Felipe Augusto Tondo , Nurul Huda Mahmood , Aamir Mahmood

The emergence of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations is dynamically transforming the space sector. While free-space optical (FSO) links efficiently facilitate intersatellite data forwarding, they suffer from…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Pablo G. Madoery , Juan A. Fraire , Jorge M. Finochietto , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

Aerial communication platforms, stratospheric high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), have the potential to provide/catalyze advanced mobile wireless communication services with its ubiquitous connectivity and ultra-wide coverage radius.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-10 Sidrah Javed , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Zhiguo Ding

In this paper, we investigate the secrecy performance of radio frequency (RF) eavesdropping for a high altitude platform station (HAPS) aided satellite communication (SatCom) system. More precisely, we propose a new SatCom scheme where a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-16 Olfa Ben Yahia , Eylem Erdogan , Gunes Karabulut Kurt

A High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS) is a network node that operates in the stratosphere at an of altitude around 20 km and is instrumental for providing communication services. Precipitated by technological innovations in the areas of…

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