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The Koopman operator approach provides a powerful linear description of nonlinear dynamical systems in terms of the evolution of observables. While the operator is typically infinite-dimensional, it is crucial to develop finite-dimensional…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Rishikesh Yadav , Alexandre Mauroy

We develop a stochastic approximation framework for learning nonlinear operators between infinite-dimensional spaces utilizing general Mercer operator-valued kernels. Our framework encompasses two key classes: (i) compact kernels, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-13 Jia-Qi Yang , Lei Shi

Many dimensionality and model reduction techniques rely on estimating dominant eigenfunctions of associated dynamical operators from data. Important examples include the Koopman operator and its generator, but also the Schr\"odinger…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Stefan Klus , Feliks Nüske , Boumediene Hamzi

We rigorously derive novel error bounds for extended dynamic mode decomposition (EDMD) to approximate the Koopman operator for discrete- and continuous time (stochastic) systems; both for i.i.d. and ergodic sampling under non-restrictive…

Koopman operators and transfer operators represent nonlinear dynamics in state space through its induced action on linear spaces of observables and measures, respectively. This framework enables the use of linear operator theory for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Claire Valva , Dimitrios Giannakis

This work studies finite sample approximations of the exact and entropic regularized Wasserstein distances between centered Gaussian processes and, more generally, covariance operators of functional random processes. We first show that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-27 Minh Ha Quang

The Koopman operator provides a powerful framework for representing the dynamics of general nonlinear dynamical systems. However, existing data-driven approaches to learning the Koopman operator rely on batch data. In this work, we present…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-16 Boya Hou , Sina Sanjari , Nathan Dahlin , Alec Koppel , Subhonmesh Bose

Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition (EDMD) is a popular data-driven method to approximate the Koopman operator for deterministic and stochastic (control) systems. This operator is linear and encompasses full information on the (expected…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-19 Friedrich Philipp , Manuel Schaller , Karl Worthmann , Sebastian Peitz , Feliks Nüske

This paper derives error bounds for regression in continuous time over subsets of certain types of Riemannian manifolds.The regression problem is typically driven by a nonlinear evolution law taking values on the manifold, and it is cast as…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-09 Nathan Powell , Jia Guo , Sai Tej Parachuri , John Burns , Boone Estes , Andrew Kurdila

A framework for coherent pattern extraction and prediction of observables of measure-preserving, ergodic dynamical systems with both atomic and continuous spectral components is developed. It is based on an approximation of the generator of…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2021-03-18 Dimitrios Giannakis , Suddhasattwa Das , Joanna Slawinska

The Koopman operator provides a powerful framework for representing the dynamics of general nonlinear dynamical systems. Data-driven techniques to learn the Koopman operator typically assume that the chosen function space is closed under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-06 Boya Hou , Sina Sanjari , Nathan Dahlin , Alec Koppel , Subhonmesh Bose

This paper investigates the impact of approximation error in data-driven optimal control problem of nonlinear systems while using the Koopman operator. While the Koopman operator enables a simplified representation of nonlinear dynamics…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Yicheng Lin , Bingxian Wu , Nan Bai , Yunxiao Ren , Zhisheng Duan

Current methods for stochastic hyperparameter learning in Gaussian Processes (GPs) rely on approximations, such as computing biased stochastic gradients or using inducing points in stochastic variational inference. However, when using such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Neta Shoham , Haim Avron

We analyse the convergence of sampling algorithms for functions in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS). To this end, we discuss approximation properties of kernel regression under minimalistic assumptions on both the kernel and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Armin Iske

Motivated by the surge of interest in Koopman operator theory, we propose a machine-learning alternative based on a functional Bayesian perspective for operator-theoretic modeling of unknown, data-driven, nonlinear dynamical systems. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Kan Li , José C. Príncipe

The Koopman operator is a mathematical tool that allows for a linear description of non-linear systems, but working in infinite dimensional spaces. Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition are amongst the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Francesco Zanini , Alessandro Chiuso

The notion of reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) has emerged in system identification during the past decade. In the resulting framework, the impulse response estimation problem is formulated as a regularized optimization defined on an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-19 Mohammad Khosravi , Roy S. Smith

Motivated by the abundance of functional data such as time series and images, there has been a growing interest in integrating such data into neural networks and learning maps from function spaces to R (i.e., functionals). In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-20 Tian-Yi Zhou , Namjoon Suh , Guang Cheng , Xiaoming Huo

In this paper, we compute finite sample bounds for data-driven approximations of the solution to stochastic reachability problems. Our approach uses a nonparametric technique known as kernel distribution embeddings, and provides…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-09 Adam J. Thorpe , Kendric R. Ortiz , Meeko M. K. Oishi

In this work we study two Riemannian distances between infinite-dimensional positive definite Hilbert-Schmidt operators, namely affine-invariant Riemannian and Log-Hilbert-Schmidt distances, in the context of covariance operators associated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-27 Ha Quang Minh