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Learning useful representations without supervision remains a key challenge in machine learning. In this paper, we propose a simple yet powerful generative model that learns such discrete representations. Our model, the Vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Aaron van den Oord , Oriol Vinyals , Koray Kavukcuoglu

Bayesian optimisation in the latent space of a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) is a powerful framework for optimisation tasks over complex structured domains, such as the space of scientifically interesting molecules. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Henry B. Moss , Sebastian W. Ober , Tom Diethe

Variational Autoencoders and their many variants have displayed impressive ability to perform dimensionality reduction, often achieving state-of-the-art performance. Many current methods however, struggle to learn good representations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Navindu Leelarathna , Andrei Margeloiu , Mateja Jamnik , Nikola Simidjievski

We propose a discrete latent distribution for Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Instead of drawing latent vectors from a continuous prior, we sample from a finite set of learnable latents. However, a direct parametrization of such a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Evangelos Ntavelis , Mohamad Shahbazi , Iason Kastanis , Radu Timofte , Martin Danelljan , Luc Van Gool

Generative models have achieved remarkable progress with the emergence of flow matching (FM). It has demonstrated strong generative capabilities and attracted significant attention as a simulation-free flow-based framework capable of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Huynh Trinh Ngoc , Hoang Anh Nguyen Kim , Toan Nguyen Hai , Long Tran Quoc

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) have been used extensively to discover low-dimensional latent factors governing neural activity and animal behavior. However, without careful model selection, the uncovered latent factors may reflect noise in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Julia Huiming Wang , Dexter Tsin , Tatiana Engel

Despite the crucial importance of accelerating text generation in large language models (LLMs) for efficiently producing content, the sequential nature of this process often leads to high inference latency, posing challenges for real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Mahsa Khoshnoodi , Vinija Jain , Mingye Gao , Malavika Srikanth , Aman Chadha

The purpose of model selection algorithms such as All Subsets, Forward Selection and Backward Elimination is to choose a linear model on the basis of the same set of data to which the model will be applied. Typically we have available a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Bradley Efron , Trevor Hastie , Iain Johnstone , Robert Tibshirani

In this work, we first revisit the sampling issues in current autoregressive (AR) image generation models and identify that image tokens, unlike text tokens, exhibit lower information density and non-uniform spatial distribution.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiaoxiao Ma , Feng Zhao , Pengyang Ling , Haibo Qiu , Zhixiang Wei , Hu Yu , Jie Huang , Zhixiong Zeng , Lin Ma

Autoregressive models recently achieved comparable results versus state-of-the-art Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with the help of Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoders (VQ-VAE). However, autoregressive models have several…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Kenan E. Ak , Ning Xu , Zhe Lin , Yilin Wang

We propose Amortized Posterior Sampling (APS), a novel variational inference approach for efficient posterior sampling in inverse problems. Our method trains a conditional flow model to minimize the divergence between the variational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Abbas Mammadov , Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye

We present LlamaSeg, a visual autoregressive framework that unifies multiple image segmentation tasks via natural language instructions. We reformulate image segmentation as a visual generation problem, representing masks as "visual" tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiru Deng , Tengjin Weng , Tianyu Yang , Wenhan Luo , Zhiheng Li , Wenhao Jiang

Knowledge-intensive language tasks require NLP systems to both provide the correct answer and retrieve supporting evidence for it in a given corpus. Autoregressive language models are emerging as the de-facto standard for generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Michele Bevilacqua , Giuseppe Ottaviano , Patrick Lewis , Wen-tau Yih , Sebastian Riedel , Fabio Petroni

Deep generative neural networks have proven effective at both conditional and unconditional modeling of complex data distributions. Conditional generation enables interactive control, but creating new controls often requires expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Jesse Engel , Matthew Hoffman , Adam Roberts

Detectors in next-generation high-energy physics experiments face several daunting requirements, such as high data rates, damaging radiation exposure, and stringent constraints on power, space, and latency. To address these challenges,…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-08-18 Alexander Yue , Haoyi Jia , Julia Gonski

This study introduces a novel unsupervised approach for separating overlapping heart and lung sounds using variational autoencoders (VAEs). In clinical settings, these sounds often interfere with each other, making manual separation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Yasaman Torabi , Shahram Shirani , James P. Reilly

In recent years, neural network based methods have been proposed as a method that cangenerate representations from music, but they are not human readable and hardly analyzable oreditable by a human. To address this issue, we propose a novel…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-29 Jinsung Kim , Yeong-Seok Jeong , Woosung Choi , Jaehwa Chung , Soonyoung Jung

We propose DAVIS, a Diffusion-based Audio-VIsual Separation framework that solves the audio-visual sound source separation task through generative learning. Existing methods typically frame sound separation as a mask-based regression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Chao Huang , Susan Liang , Yapeng Tian , Anurag Kumar , Chenliang Xu

AI models have garnered significant research attention towards predictive task automation. However, a stationary training environment is an underlying assumption for most models and such models simply do not work on non-stationary data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Hassan Wasswa , Aziida Nanyonga , Timothy Lynar

We propose a family of novel hierarchical Bayesian deep auto-encoder models capable of identifying disentangled factors of variability in data. While many recent attempts at factor disentanglement have focused on sophisticated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Minyoung Kim , Yuting Wang , Pritish Sahu , Vladimir Pavlovic